B. Lavisse, Histoire de France, Vol. II, Part 1, p. 294. Paris, 1903.

George Adam Smith, Historical Geography of the Holy Land, pp. 383, 384, 391-400, 407, 409. New York, 1897.

Wilhelm Deecke, Italy, pp. 20, 21. London, 1904.

Francis Younghusband, The Heart of a Continent, pp. 150, 194, 199. London, 1904.

E.F. Knight, Where Three Empires Meet, pp. 12, 88, 157-159, 231. London, 1897.

Ibid., pp. 173, 177.

Sir Thomas Holdich, India, map p. 85, pp. 86, 89. London, 1905.

Vambery, Reise in Mittelasien, pp. 371-375. Leipzig, 1973.

C.A. Sherring, Western Tibet and the British Borderland, p. 136. London, 1906.

O.P. Crosby, Tibet and Turkestan, pp. 112-116. New York, 1903.