E.F. Knight, Where Three Empires Meet, pp. 280, 288-289. London, 1897.

Walter K. Kelly, History of Russia, Vol. II, p. 392. London, 1881.

Grote, History of Greece, Vol. II, p. 441. New York, 1859.

Ibid., Vol. X, pp. 208, 215, 224-225.

D.G. Hogarth, The Nearer East, p. 235. London, 1902.

Henry Buckle, History of Civilization in England, Vol. II, pp. 125, 136-137. New York, 1871.

W.K. Kelly, History of Russia, Vol. II, p. 394. London, 1881.

Pallas, Travels Through the Southern Provinces of Russia, Vol. I, pp. 391, 404-405. London, 1812.

H. Spencer, A Visit to Andorra, Fortnightly Review, Vol. 67, pp. 53-60. 1897.

Article Tyrol, Encyclopædia Britannica.