Phonotypy is a method of representing each of the elementary sounds by a distinct printed character or letter.
The VOCALS or TONICS are those elementary sounds made by an unmodified or uninterrupted tone of the voice; as ā, ĕ.
The SUBVOCALS or SUBTONICS are those elementary sounds made by the tone of the voice modified by the organs of speech, making an undertone; as b, d, g, r.
The ASPIRATES or ATONICS are those elementary sounds made by merely breathing modified by the organs of speech; sometimes called breath sounds; as p, t, s.
TABLE OF ELEMENTARY SOUNDS.
[From Swett's Normal Word Book.]
I. Vocals.
| a | ā-le, | āi-m |
| ä | ä-lms, | ä-rt |
| a̤ | a̤-ll, | b-a̤-ll |
| ă | ă-n, | m-ă-n |
| â | c̵-â-re, | â-ir |
| ȧ | ȧ-sk, | f-ȧ-st |
| ē | ē-ve, | b-ē |
| ě | ě-nd, | m-ě-n |
| ẽ | h-ẽ-r, | ẽ-rr |
| ī, ȳ | ī-ce, | b-ȳ |
| ĭ, y̆ | ĭ-t, | h-y̆-mn |
| ō | ō-ld, | n-ō |
| ǒ | ǒ-n, | n-ǒ-t |
| o̤, o͞o | m-o̤-ve, | m-o͞o-n |
| ū | ū-se, | m-ū-şe |
| ǔ | ǔ-p, | b-ǔ-t |
| û | û-rge, | b-û-rn |
| ụ, o͝o | f-ụ-ll, | w-o͝o-l |
| oi, oy | oi-l, | b-oy |
| ou, ow | ou-t, | ow-l |
II. Subvocals.
| b | b-i-b, | b-a-be |
| d | d-i-d, | d-ea-d |
| ḡ | ḡ-i-ḡ, | ḡ-a-ḡ |
| j | j-ar, | j-et |
| l | l-u-ll, | te-ll |
| m | m-ai-m, | c̵a-me |
| n | n-u-n, | n-o-ne |
| ng, ṉ | ri-ng, | i-ṉ-k |
| r | r-oa-r, | r-ea-r |
| th | th-ese, | wi-th |
| v | val-ue, | v-ain |
| w | w-ell, | w-eb |
| y | y-es, | y-et |
| z | z-one, | z-est |
| zh, z | a-z´-ure, | sei-z´-ure |