Hungarian literature - Emil Reich

“Irodalomtörténeti közlemények,” edited first by Aladár Ballagi, and now by Aron Szilády (since 1891; full, well edited, with careful indexes).

Literary biography:

Joseph Szinnyei, the younger, “Magyar irók élete és munkái.” Most exhaustive, with complete bibliographies to each writer and his works, comprising even articles written in daily papers. (Budapest, since 1891, still unfinished).

The Magyar Language:

The most comprehensive work is by Professor Sigismund Simonyi, “A magyar nyelv” (2 vols., Budapest, 1889, 8vo).

INDEX

Abonyi, Louis. (Folk-Novelist), [241]
Academy of Science, founded by Széchenyi and others, [112]
its publications, [112]
Acsády, Ignatius. (Historian), [253]
Alvinczi, Peter. (Controversialist), [55]
Amadé, Baron Ladislas. (Poet), [67]
America has no epic; the reason of this, [123]
American literature hampered by their language, [14]
has no naïveté, reasons, [198]
Andrássy, Count George, a founder of the Academy, [112]
Andrew II., King of Hungary, [19]
Ányos, Paul. (Poet), [80]
Anzengruber. (Austrian Dramatist), [225]
Apor, Peter. (Historian), [68]
Arany, John—his Hungarian reputation, [194]
compared with Petőfi, [195]
reason why his work is not bourgeois poetry, [197]
a Magyar and a class poet, [200]
his charm of language, [200], [201]
his position in Magyar literature, [202]
his life, [202]
his work, [204], [209]
Arany, Ladislas. (Poet), [245]
his collection of folk-poetry, [247]
Árpád Dynasty of Hungary, [18], [124], [126], [129]
in the epic, [40], [41]
Athenæum, Hungarian periodical, [134]
Auerbach, Berthold. (German Folk-Novelist), [225]
Aurora, periodical, [116]
Austrian Empire, its heterogeneity, [76]
Bacsányi, John. (Poet), [86]
Bajza, Joseph. (Critic and Poet), [133]
Baksay, Alexander. (Folk-Novelist), [241]
Balássy, F. (Historian), [253]
Balassi, Baron Valentin. (Poet) (I.), [49]
(II.), [58]
Balassi stanza, the, [50]
Balázs, Alexander. (Novelist), [241]
Balzac. His genius not fully recognized, [157]
Kemény compared to him, [157], [161]
compared to Shakespeare, [158]
Baranyi, Ladislas. (Poet), [80]
Barcsai, Abraham. (Translator), [80]
Bards, [40]
Barna, Ferdinand. (Philologist), [256]
Báróczi, Alexander. (Translator), [80]
Bartók, Lewis. (Dramatist), [222]
Batizi, Andreas. (Poet), [46]
Beck, Charles. (Poet), [12]
Bél, Matthew. His view of Magyar, [37]
Bellarmin influences Pázmány, [54]
Bem, General, and Petőfi, [190]
Beniczky de Benicze, Peter. (Poet), [58]
Beöthy, Ladislas. (Humorist), [241]
Beöthy, Sigismund. (Poet), [135]
Beöthy, Zsolt. His History of Hungarian Literature, [255]
Béranger compared to Petőfi, [181]
Berczik, Árpád. (Dramatist), [222]
Bérczy, Charles. (Novelist), [241]
Bernstein, Charles Hugo, see [Hugo, Charles]
Berzsenyi, Daniel. (Poet), [81], [103], [109], [121]
Bessenyei, Alexander. (Translator), [80]
Bessenyei, George. (Dramatist, &c.), [79]
Bethlens, the, [51], [164]
Bible, the, published in Magyar, [46], [55]
Bibliography, [254], [255], [257]
Biró de Déva, Matthew. (Lutheran “pope”), [46]
Blaha, Louise. (Hungarian Actress), [222]
Bod, Peter. (Literary Historian), [69]
Bodnár, Sigismund. (Literary Historian), [255]
Bohemian Music, [236]
Bonfini, Anton, at work in Hungary, [43]
Brassai, Samuel. (Philologist), [255]
Brutus, Michael. (Historian), [164]
Budenz, Joseph. (Philologist), [36], [255]
Bürger’s influence on Csokonai, [89]
Burns compared to Petőfi, [180]
Butler, E. D., of the British Museum (the foremost amongst British students of Magyar philology and literature), [Preface]
Cesinge, John. (Hungarian Scholar), [44]
Cowley compared to Virág, [80]
Critical genius, its part in literature, [92]
Crusaders, unfit heroes of epics, [42]
Csengery, Anton. (Historian), [253]
Csepreghy, Francis. (Dramatist), [225]
Cséri de Apáca, John. (Author of Encyclopædia), [62]
Cserei, Michael. (Historian), [68]
Csiky, Gregory. (Dramatist), [221], [223]
Csillagh, M. (Historian), [255]
Csipkés, George Komáromi. (Translator of the Bible), [55]
Csokonai, Michael Vitéz. (Poet), [88], [211]
Csoma de Kőrős, Alexander. (Philologist), [36]
Czakó, Sigismund. (Dramatist), [215]
Cziráky, Count. (Authority on Hungarian Constitutional Law), [251]
Czuczor, Gregory. (Poet and Philologist), [112], [129]
Czwittinger, David, his list of Hungarian writers, [68]
Dalmady, Victor. (Poet), [245]
Dayka, Gabriel. (Poet), [86]
Deák, Francis. (Statesman and Author), [26], [27], [250], [251]
Debreczen, the Geneva of Hungary, [46]
Decsi de Baranya, John. His collection of proverbs, [48]
Degré, Aloisius. (Novelist), [241]
Dessewffy, Count Aurelius. (Political Writer), [250]
Dialects provide new elements of poetic speech, [201]
Dobsa, Lewis. (Dramatist), [222]
Dóczi, Lewis. (Dramatist), [222], [223]
Drama, the, [46], [67], [116], [117], [127]
opening of the National Theatre, [113]
in the nineteenth century, [207]
want of good actors, [207]
Hungarian dramas unknown outside Hungary, [221]
Dugonics, Andreas. (Novelist), [83]
Édes, Gregory. (Versifier), [84]
Education in Hungary, see under [Hungary]
Egressy, Gabriel. (Actor), [208]
Ekkehard’s Chronicles record Magyar epics, [41]
Endrődi, Alexander. (Poet), [245]
Engel. (Historian), [252]
England and Hungary, their histories parallel, [19], [21]
Eötvös, Joseph. (Novelist), [140], [146], [250], [251]
character of his work, [149]
his power as an orator, [156]
Epic poetry, its character, [122], [126]
Erdősi, or Sylvester, John. (Grammarian), [48]
Faludi, Francis. (Poet), [67]
Faust, its points of resemblance with Madách’s “Tragedy of Man”, [219]
Fazekas, Michael. (Author of a chap-book), [84]
Fejérpataky, L. (Historian), [253]
Felix of Ragusa, at work in Hungary, [44]
Fessler. (Historian), [12], [252]
Fiction in the sixteenth century, [47]
in the eighteenth century, [88]
in the nineteenth century, [118], [137], [226], [240]
(see also [Novels])
Fischart, as virtuoso of language, [45]
Flygare-Carlén, Mme, her popularity in Hungary, [137]
Fogarasi, John. (Philologist), [112], [255]
Földi, John. (Writer on Prosody), [84]
Folk-Drama in Hungary, [213], [224]
compared with the folk-drama in Austria, [225]
Folk-Novels and Tales, [241], [242]
Folk-Poems of Hungary, [134]
the chief inspiration of Hungarian poets, [247]
published collections, [247]
Fontius, Bartholinus, at work in Hungary, [44]
Forgách, Francis. (Hungarian Author), [164]
Fraknói, William. (Historian), [253]
France, her constitution, [153]
her national homogeneity, [159]
France, Anatole, his veiled pessimism, [168]
Fata Morgana of the Pusztas, [176]
French literature compared with Hungarian, [31]
its influence on Hungarian, [117]
has enjoyed advantages of criticism, [133]
Galeotto, Marzio, at work in Hungary, [43]
Garay, John. (Poet), [131]
Garnett, Richard; the work of Szász resembles his, [244]
Gáti, Stephán. (Eighteenth century writer), [83]
Gergei, Albert. (Poet), [47]
German literature at the Reformation, [45]
its influence on Hungarian, [78], [94], [117]
influenced by Greek ideas, [96]
its bourgeois character, [199]
Goethe’s Hermann und Dorothea, [204]
Golden Bull, the—the Hungarian Magna Charta, [19]
Greek not studied in the eighteenth century, [65]
Kazinczy’s labours to introduce Greek models, [95]
Literature, born of Greek parents, [96]
influence on German literature, [96]
Hungarian Literature, [128]
Greek literature comparatively unknown in Hungary, [132]
Greguss, Augustus. (Writer on Æsthetics), [255]
Greska, K. (Literary Critic), [255]
Grünwald, Béla. (Political Historian), [152]
Gvadányi, Count Joseph. (Poet and Novelist), [83]
Gyöngyössi, Stephen. (Poet), [58]
Győry, William. (Novelist), [241]
Gyulai, Paul. (Poet), [244]
his collection of folk-poetry, [247]
as a writer on Æsthetics, [255]
Habsburg Dynasty, their work in Hungary, [21], [24], [43], [51], [52], [64], [66], [74], [115]
Hajnik, Emericus. (Historian), [254]
Haner. (Hungarian Author), [164]
Heine compared to Petőfi, [177], [180]
Heltai, Caspar. (Chronicler and Translator), [47], [48], [164]
Hölty, the Hungarian—Dayka, [86]
Horvát de Pázmánd, Andreas. (Poet), [129]
Horváth, Ádám. (Poet), [82], [109]
Horváth, Bishop Michael. (Historian), [252]
Hugo, Charles. (Dramatist), [216]
Hunfalvy, Paul. (Philologist), [36], [256]
Hungarian bards, [40]
constitution, [19], [21]
language, its origin, [10], [34]
its influence on native literature, [13]
its capabilities, [15]
made the official language, [25]
agglutinative, [33]
its characteristics, [34], [201], [245]
cultivated by Protestants, [54]
its decadence in the eighteenth century, [63]
cultivated as national palladium, [77], [87]
the labours of Kazinczy, [93]
schools of philology, [97]
foundation of the Hungarian Academy, [112]
the Academy Dictionary, [112]
Széchenyi’s work, [113]
the vehicle of instruction, [114], [136]
used in Parliament, [115]
in Vörösmarty’s hands, [126]
has no dialects, [201]
the influence of Arany, [202]
Literature of recent growth, [11]
its extent, [11], [12]
influenced by want of middle-class, [24], [30]
its parallel in Hungarian music, [29]
compared with French, [31]
its originality impaired, [32]
its four periods, [38]
its most ancient products, [38]
its epics and legends, [39]
receives an impulse at the Reformation, [43]
influenced by the Renascence, [43], [45]
impeding causes at the Reformation, [45]
controversial literature, [46]
Magyar Bible published, [46]
sixteenth century poets, [46], [49]
the first drama, [46]
early fiction, [47], [48]
chronicles, [47]
obstacles to progress in the seventeenth century, [51]
produced by the nobles only, then, [53]
controversial, [54]
seventeenth century poets, [56]
Kurucz poetry, [60]
1711-1772, a period of decline, [63]
reason of this decline, [64]
poets, [67]
historians, [68]
revival of 1772, [70]
causes of revival, [72]
Magyar periodicals, [77], [88]
the three “schools”, [79], [85]
awakening individuality, [85]
a patriotic bulwark against Austria, [87]
Kazinczy’s work, [94]
the romantic school, [100], [117]
loses by patriotism of its exponents, [107]
of slow growth, 1772-1825, [108]
effect of want of literary centres, [109]
hampered by political fetters, [110]
brilliant revival, 1825-1850, [110]
foundation of the Academy, [112]
the “Kisfaludy Society”, [113]
epics produced, [124]
ballads, [131]
want of effective criticism, [132]
Bajza’s work, [134]
reasons of late development of prose, [136]
Petőfi’s pre-eminent work, [169]
Hungary’s contribution to typical poetry, [185]
literary criticism still crude, [192]
rise of the drama in the nineteenth century, [207], [220]
recent fiction, [226], [240]
recent poetry, [245]
folk-poems, [247]
political works, [250]
history, [252]
historical societies, [254]
history of, [254], [255]
music, [10], [28], [29], [61], [103], [114], [231], [236]
its influence on the nation, [30]
pedigrees, [36], [254]
wit, [237]
writers in other languages, [11], [12], [68], [109], [250], [251]
Hungarians establish themselves in Hungary, [18]
their national character, [28], [147], [217]
influenced by their music, [30]
Hungary, its natural situation, [17]
occupied by divers tribes, [17]
the Hungarians establish themselves there, [18]
her history resembles English history, [19]
her constitution, [19], [153]
preserves her liberties, [21]
the Turks expelled, [22], [23]
effect of their dominion, [22], [23]
her want of a middle-class, [23], [30]
her history in the eighteenth century, [24]
rebellion against Austria, [26]
incorporated with the Austrian Empire, [26]
national reaction of 1860, [26]
her present relations with Austria, [27]
her Parlature as compared with her literature, [31], [229]
custom of speaking in several languages, [32]
detached from the Eastern Church, [41]
the Virgin, her patron saint, [41]
the Reformation there, [43], [45], [46]
the Renascence, [43-45]
Universities in, [44], [52]
schools, [52], [53], [63], [66]
literature left to the nobles, [53]
influence of the revolution, [72]
character of its population, [72]
abolition of serfdom and expansion of civic life, [73]
dissolution of monasteries, [75]
policy of Joseph II., [76]
its effect in awaking Hungarian patriotism, [77]
the national stage, [77]
lacked literary centres, [109]
the Academy supplies this want, [112]
Pesth becomes a centre, [113]
local learned societies spring up, [114]
Parliament, the soul of its body-politic, [115]
diversity of types of character, [118], [137]
her need of an epic as an incitement, [123]
character of the youth, [147]
independence of local government, [150]
the political training of her people, [153]
her national heterogeneity, [159]
the horse, the national animal, [176]
the rebellion of 1848, [189]
the Hungarian peasant, [195]
has no bourgeoisie proper, [197]
transitional state of society, 1850-1860, [212]
the national tendency to pathos, [217]
its political strides since 1870, [220]
the theatres in Budapest, [222]
popularity of lyrical poems, [245]
Huszár, Gál. (Poet), [46]
Hutten, as an author, [45]
Ibsen’s morbid psychology unknown in Csiky’s plays, [224]
İlosvai, Peter. (Poet), [48]
Improvisation unknown to Teutons and French, [229]
in Hungarian, [229]
its dangers in literature, [233]
Imre, Alexander. (Literary Historian), [255]
Istvánffy, Nicolas. (Hungarian Author), [164]
Jakab, Ödön. (Folk-Novelist), [241]
Jesuits in Hungary, [52]
concerned in education, [52], [66]
“Jingoism” in Hungary; its influence on literature, [209]
Jókai, Maurus. (Novelist), [140]
his reputation, [226]
his character, [226]
his power of work, [227]
character of his work, [228]
the Liszt of literature, [231]
his life, [236]
Jones, W. His “Magyar Folk-Tales”, [247]
Joseph II. of Austria, [25], [73], [75], [77]
Jósika, Nicolas. (Novelist), [44], [140], [228]
character of his work, [144]
Juhász, Peter. (Pope of the Magyar Calvinists), [46]
Kalevala, the Finnish epic, [40]
Kálmány, Lewis. His collection of Folk-Poetry, [247]
Kármán, Joseph. (Novelist), [86]
Károlyi, Caspar. (Translator of the Bible), [46]
Károlyi, Count George, a founder of the Academy, [112]
Katona. (Dramatist), [210]
Katona. (Historian), [252]
Kazár, Emil. (Novelist), [241]
Kazinczy, Francis. (Translator and Critic), [93], [109]
his influence and work, [94], [97]
Kemény, Sigismund. (Novelist), [140], [157], [235]
his Balzacian genius, [157], [158]
his pessimism, [161]
his erudition, [163]
as an historian, [163], [164]
his work as a novelist, [164], [166], [168]
his journalistic work, [165]
Kerékgyártó, Árpád. (Historian), [253]
Kerényi, Frederick. (Poet), [135]
Kertbény, K. M. (Literary Bibliographer), [254]
Kis, John, founds Magyar Literary Society, [77]
Kisfaludy, Alexander. (Poet), [101], [109]
Kisfaludy, Charles. (Poet), [116], [121], [209], [212]
his dramas, [116], [117]
Kisfaludy Society, the, [113]
Kiss, Joseph. (Poet), [245]
Kiss, Stephen. His “Constitutional Law of Hungary”, [251]
Klein, J. L. (The Historian of the Drama), a Hungarian, [12]
Klopstock’s Messias, [123]
Kohári, Count Stephen. (Poet), [58]
Kölcsey, Francis. (Orator and Poet), [98], [104], [107], [121]
Kolosváry, S. (Historian), [253]
Komócsy, Joseph. (Poet), [245]
Königsberg Fragment, the, [39]
Kónyi, John. (Eighteenth Century Writer), [83]
Kossúth, Lewis, [250]
Krajner, Emericus. (Historian), [253]
Kraus. (Hungarian Historian), [164]
Kriza, John. His collection of Folk-Poetry, [247]
Kropf, Lewis. His “Magyar Folk-Tales”, [247]
(Historian), [253]
Kubinyi, F. (Historian), [253]
Kurucz Poetry, patriotic ditties, [60]
Kúthy, Louis, [240]
Laborfalvy, Rose. Hungarian actress, wife of M. Jókai, [222], [237]
Ladányi, G. (Historian), [253]
Lánczy, Julius. (Historian), [253]
Language, its influence on literature, [14], [15], [136]
Lányi, K. (Historian), [253]
Latin used in Hungary, [12], [52], [63], [64], [66], [68], [109], [250]
Lauka, Gustavus. (Novelist), [240]
Lenau, Nicolaus. (Hungarian-German Author), [12]
Lendvay. (Actor), [222]
Lenkei, H. (Literary Critic), [255]
Leopold II. of Austria, [25]
Lessing, a genius both critical and creative, [93], [216]
Lévay, Joseph. (Poet), [244]
Lewis the Great, of Hungary, [44]
Liberty affected by Reformation, [20]
Listhy, Baron Ladislas. (Poet), [58]
Lisznyay, Coloman. (Poet), [245]
Liszt, Francis, [114], [128], [231], [236]
Literature of a nation, as compared with its parlature, [31]
influenced by language, [14]
can only thrive in a republic of minds, [52]
an urban growth, [72], [109]
the influence of critical genius upon, [92]
born of Greek parents, [96]
universality of great writers, [107]
Lugossy, Joseph. (Philologist), [255]
Lucretius’ “De rerum natura” compared with Madách’s “Tragedy of Man”, [219]
Lustkandl. (Austrian Professor), [251]
Luther, Martin, as an author, [45]
Lytton’s novels, their popularity in Germany and Austria, [137]
Madách, Emericus. (Poet), [217]
Maeterlinck, his veiled pessimism, [168]
Magyar, see [Hungarian]
Majláth, Count John. (Historian), [252]
Marczali, Henry. (Historian), [253]
Margit, Saint, daughter of Béla IV., [42]
her life extant, [42]
Maria Theresa, her government of Hungary, [73], [75]
Matthew Corvinus, King of Hungary, [43], [143]
Metastasio’s influence on Csokonai, [89]
Metres used in Hungarian Poetry, [50], [59], [78], [81], [84], [97], [101], [103], [104], [119], [130]
Metternich, Prince, his work in Hungary, [25], [100]
Middle Classes, a product of Feudalism, [24]
Mikes, Clement, his “Letters”, [67]
Mikó, Francis. (Hungarian Author), [164]
Mikszáth, Coloman. (The Hungarian Bret Harte), [242]
Mirandola, Pico della, [200]
Molnár de Szencz, Albert. (Grammarian), [55]
“Moralities,” Hungarian, [47]
Music, see [Hungarian Music]
Nagy, Alexander. (Historian), [253]
Nagy, E., his “Constitutional Law of Hungary”, [251]
Nagy, Emeric. (Poet), [135]
Nagy, Francis. (Translator), [83]
Nagy, Ignatius. (Novelist), [215], [240]
Nagy de Bánka, Matthew. (Poetical Chronicler), [47]
Naïveté, its origin and locus in life and literature. None in America, little in England, reasons, [ib.], [198]
Naláczi, Joseph, (Poet), [80]
Nature’s “Laws,” a convenient fiction, [170]
Négyessy, L. (Author on Prosody), [255]
Neo-Latin poets, the reason of their failure, [14]
Novelists of Hungary, [137], [138], [140]
popularity of foreign in Hungary, [137]
Novels, Hungarian, their peculiarities, [139]
reviews of individual works. (See also [Fiction]), [141], [146], [149], [166], [237]
Obernyik, Charles. (Dramatist), [215]
Oláh, Nicholas. (Hungarian Author), [164]
Orczy, Baron Lawrence. (Eighteenth century writer), [79]
Ormós, Sigismond. (Historian), [253]
Óváry, K. (Historian), [253]
Pálffy, Albert. (Journalist and Novelist), [241]
Pannonius, Janus, see [Cesinge, John]
Pap, Andreas. (Poet), [135]
Páriz-Pápai, Francis. (Lexicographer), [62]
Parlature, as contrasted with Literature, [31], [229]
Parliament, the soul of political life in Hungary and England, [115]
Pathos, the Hungarian tendency to, [217]
Pauler, Julius. (Historian), [253]
Pázmány, Peter. (Cardinal and controversialist), [54]
Peasantry of Hungary, [195], [213], [225]
Pécs University, [44]
Pessimism, the outcome of thought, [163]
Pesth, suspension bridge connecting it with Buda, [127]
Pesty, Frederick. (Historian), [254]
Pesti, Gabriel. (Lexicographer and Translator), [47], [48]
Péczeli, Joseph. (Translator), [80]
Periodical literature in the eighteenth century, [77], [88]
the periodical press in the nineteenth century, [113], [116], [134], [237]
Petthő, Gregory. (Hungarian History), [164]
Petőfi, Alexander, the greatness of his poetry, [169], [172]
its spontaneity, [173]
character of his work, [177], [181], [183], [190], [200], [233]
his objectivity, [177], [183]
his humour, [179]
ill-judged comparisons with Burns and Béranger, [180]
his patriotic poems distributed by Government, [183]
appreciated in America, [185], [192]
his poetry, the exponent of Hungarian nationality, [185]
sketch of his life, [186]
his growing European reputation, [192]
compared with Arany, [195]
Petrarch’s influence on Kisfaludy, [101]
Petrik, Géza. (Bibliographer), [255]
Petrőczi, Baroness Catherine S. (Poetess), [58]
Platen compared to Berzsenyi, as writer of odes, [104]
Podhorszky, his view of Magyar, [37]
Poetry not inherent in Nature, but a human creation, [171]
its greatness to be gauged by objective beauty, [184]
Poetry and Poets of Hungary, sixteenth century, [47], [49]
seventeenth century, [56]
eighteenth century, [67], [79], [80], [84]
nineteenth century, [116], [127], [129], [135], [169], [245]
Poland, continuity of its liberties, [21]
Pope’s influence on Csokonai, [89]
European character of his work, [106]
Porzó (Dr. Adolph Ágai), prince of feuilletonists, [237]
Pozsony University, [44]
Pray, G. (Historian), [252]
Printing in Hungary, [44]
Priscus, the Byzantine, records Magyar epics, [41]
Prosody, see [Metres]
Pulszky, Augustus. (Hungarian Jurist), [251]
“Punch,” the Hungarian, [237]
Pusztas the, of Hungary, [174]
types of the dwellers there, [175]
the Fata Morgana, [176]
Pyrker, Ladislaus. (Hungarian-German Author), [12]
Radákovics, Joseph, see [Vas, Gereben]
Ráday, Count Gedeon. (Eighteenth century writer), [79]
Radnai, R. (Art-historian), [255]
Radvánszky, Béla. (Historian), [254]
Rajnis, Joseph. (Poet), [80]
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