December 30th.—Defection of the Prussian General York and Convention of Taurogen, near Tilsit, between Russia and Prussia. This defection is the signal for the uprising of Germany from the Oder to the Rhine, from the Baltic to the Julienne Alps.
1813.
January 5th.—Konigsberg occupied by the Russians.
January 13th.—Senatus Consultus calls up 250,000 conscripts.
January 22nd.—Americans defeated at Frenchtown, near Detroit, and lose 1200 men.
January 25th.—Concordat at Fontainebleau between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII., with advantageous terms for the Papacy. The Pope, however, soon breaks faith.
January 28th.—Murat deserts the French army for Naples, and leaves Posen. "Your husband is very brave on the battlefield, but he is weaker than a woman or a monk when he is not face to face with an enemy. He has no moral courage" (Napoleon to his sister Caroline, January 24, 1813. Brotonne, 1032). Replaced by Eugène (Napoleon's letter dated January 22nd).
February 1st.—Proclamation of Louis XVIII. to the French people (dated London).
February 8th.—Warsaw surrenders to Russia.
February 10th.—Proclamation of Emperor Alexander calling on the people of Germany to shake off the yoke of "one man."