Bonaparte.
August 2nd.—Napoleon Bonaparte made First Consul for life. "The conduct and the language of Bonaparte represents at once Augustus, Mahomet, Louis XI., Masaniello" (Montgaillard, an avowed enemy).
September 22nd.—Opening of the Ourcq Waterworks for the supply of Paris.
September 25th.—Mass celebrated at St. Cloud for the first time. In this month Napoleon annexes Piedmont, and the next sends Ney to occupy Switzerland.
October 11th.—Birth of Napoleon Charles, son of Louis Bonaparte and Hortense.
October 29th.—Napoleon and Josephine visit Normandy, and, contrary to expectation, receive ovations everywhere. They return to Paris, November 14th.
Events of 1803.
February 19th.—New constitution imposed by France on Switzerland.
April 14th.—Bank of France reorganised by Bonaparte; it alone allowed to issue notes.