[163] Speech of Cæsar to the Senate, reported by Sallust. (Conspiracy of Catilina, li.)
[164] This paragraph, expressing with great clearness the policy of the Roman Senate, is extracted from the excellent Hist. Romaine of M. Duruy, t. I., c. xi.
[165] As, for example, to put the wife in complete obedience to her husband; to give the father absolute authority over his children, etc.
[166] In the origin, the municipia were the allied towns preserving their autonomy, but engaging to render to Rome certain services (munus); whence the name of municipia. (Aulus Gellius, XVI. 13.)
[167] To be able to enjoy the right of city, it was necessary to be domiciliated at Rome, to have left a son in his majority in the municipium, or to have exercised there a magistracy.
[168] Aul. Gellius, XVI. xiii.—Paulus Diaconus, on the word Municipium, p. 127.
[169] In this category were sometimes found municipia of the third degree, such as Cære. (See Festus, under the word Præfecturæ, p. 233.)—Several of these towns, such as Fundi, Formiæ, and Arpinum, obtained in the sequel the right of suffrage; they continued, however, by an ancient usage, to be called by the name of præfecturæ, which was also applied by abuse to the colonies.
[170] Socius et amicus (Titus Livius, XXXI. 11).—Compare Dionysius of Halicarnassus, VI. 95; X. 21.
[171] With Carthage, for example. (Polybius, III. 22.—Titus Livius, VII. 27; IX. 19, 43.)
[172] Thus with the Latins. “Ut eosdem quos populus Romanus amicos atque hostes habeant.” (Titus Livius, XXXVIII. 8.)