[634] Diodorus Siculus, Fragments, XXXIV. 3.
[635] Diodorus Siculus, Fragments, XXXVI., p. 147, ed. Schweighæuser.
[636] Strabo, XIV. v. 570.
[637] “Our ancestors feared always the spirit of slavery, even in the case where, born in the field and under the roof of his master, the slave learnt to love him from his birth. But since we count ours by nations, each of which has its manners and gods, or perhaps has no gods, no, this vile and confused assemblage will never be kept under but by fear.” (Tacitus, Annales, XIV. 44.)
[638] In 442, the censor Appius Claudius Cæcus causes the freedmen to be inscribed in all the tribes, and allows their sons the entrance to the Senate. (Diodorus Siculus, XX. 36.)—In 450 the censor Q. Fabius Rullianus (Maximus) confines them to the four urban tribes (Titus Livius, IX. 46); towards 530, other censors opened again all the tribes to them; in 534, the censors L. Æmilius Papus and C. Flaminius re-established the order of 450 (Titus Livius, Epitome, XX.); an exception is made in favour of those who have a son of the age of more than five years, or who possess lands of the value of more than 30,000 sestertii (XLV. 15); in 585, the censor Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus expels them from the rustic tribes, where they had been again introduced, and unites them in one sole urban tribe, the Esquiline. (Titus Livius, XLV. 15.—Cicero, De Oratore, I. ix. 38.)—(639.) “The Æmilian law permits freedmen to vote in the four urban tribes.” (Aurelius Victor, Illustrious Men, 72.)
[639] Valerius Maximus, VI. 2, § 3.—Velleius Paterculus, II. 4.
[640] “I know Romans who have waited for their elevation to the consulship to begin reading the history of our ancestors and the precepts of the Greeks on military art.” (Speech of Marius, Sallust, Jugurtha, 85.)
[641] Plutarch, Tiberius Gracchus, 8.
[642] “Tiberius Gracchus genere, forma, eloquentia facile princeps.” (Florus, III. 14.)
[643] Velleius Paterculus, II. 2.—Seneca the Philosopher, De Consolatione, ad Marciam, xvi.