I became Attaché at the American Embassy in Paris under the regime of Mr. Herrick, and as such lived through the first exciting months of the great war. During the months of September, October, and November, I made four different trips to the front, covering territory which extended along the battle-line from Vitry-le-François in the east to a point near Dunkirk in the west. I saw parts of the battles of the Marne and the Aisne, and the struggle for Calais.

The months of December and January I spent as a bearer of special dispatches between the American Embassies and went several times to France, England, Switzerland, Holland, Germany, Austria, and Hungary. I have seen French, British, Belgian, and German troops in action. I have seen French, Swiss, Dutch, German, Austrian, and Hungarian troops in manœuvres. I spent the first week of February in Paris, leaving there for America on February 10th.

The following account of what I saw and heard is compiled from letters and diaries which I wrote day by day on the spot. Some of my experiences have had to be omitted for diplomatic reasons, and it has been necessary, in some cases, to give information without mentioning my authority. The higher the rank and the greater the reputation of my informant, the less right have I to mention his name.

Although my personal sympathies are with the French, I tried to observe dispassionately and accurately, and have scrupulously aimed to present my facts uncolored by preference or prejudice. In war, exaggeration and misrepresentation play an accepted part in the tactics of belligerents, but it should be the aim of a neutral to observe with an unbiased mind, no matter what the state of his emotions may be. Otherwise, the data he collects can have no value as historical material.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE
I.—At the American Embassy[3]
II.—The Germans nearing Paris[42]
III.—With the British Army. The Night before the Battle of the Marne[68]
IV.—The Battle of the Marne[82]
V.—Analysis of the Battle of the Marne[126]
VI.—The Battle of the Aisne[153]
VII.—The American Ambulance[174]
VIII.—Germany and Berlin[203]
IX.—Carrying Dispatches from Berlin to London[234]
X.—Vienna[247]
XI.—Hungary[256]
XII.—A German Prison-Camp[288]
Appendix[303]