Regarding the other types of German machines, Germany appears to have gone through three stages of construction: 1. The stage in which the types evolved were chiefly copies of various well-known French machines. 2. That in which a characteristic German type was produced, the Taube (dove), a type which possessed many excellent qualities, but also several defects.

Some German Biplanes.

Make and Type. Span.Length
in metres.		 Area in
metres².		 Engine and h.p. Speed by
the hour in
kilometres.
L.V.G., 191314·9 m. 9 m. 44 m.Argus or Mercèdes 100 h.p. 100 km.
Otto14·9 m.10·8 m. — 100 h.p. 100 km.
Albatross14·4 m. 9·2 m. —Argus or Mercèdes 100 h.p. 110 km.
Rumpler Taube 13 m. 8·5 m. 38 m. Mercèdes 100 h.p. —
Aviatik 16 m.10·8 m. 43 m.Argus or Mercèdes 100 h.p. 100 km.

Some German Monoplanes.

Make and Type. Span.Length
in metres.		 Area in
metres².		 Engine and h.p. Speed by
the hour in
kilometres.
Rumpler Taube, 1913–14 14 m. 10·2 m. 35 m. Mercèdes 100 h.p. 120 km.
Kondor 14 m. 9·8 m. — Mercèdes 100 h.p. 120 km.
Albatross (Hirth Type) 14·6 m. 10 m. 35 m. Mercèdes 100 h.p. 105 km.
Etrich Taube14·3 m.9·85 m. 38 m.Argus or Mercèdes 100 h.p. 105 km.
Gotha Taube14·4 m.10·2 m. —Argus or Mercèdes 100 h.p. 100 km.

3. That in which the indifferent qualities of the characteristic type were removed.

Of the first type may be mentioned the Euler, which is a modification of the Voisin; the Otto, which embodies the H. Farman principles; the D.F.W. (Deutsche Flüggen Werk); some of these are practically H. and M. Farman biplanes. They also include a rapid type, called Mars biplanes, in which the main surfaces are shaped like those of the famous Nieuport machine.

Amongst the more distinctive machines are

The Aviatik Biplane.

This is one of the most noticeable of German machines. A special feature is the space provided in the front part of the fuselage, which gives the observer every opportunity of free movement for scouting, writing, photographing, and throwing bombs. The vital parts and front are well fortified with a metallic “capot,” and the rest of the fuselage is also armoured. The rapid erection and dismantling of this machine has been especially well planned. The supporting surface consists of two planes of unequal dimensions, the upper one being the larger. Each is divided into two sections fixed independently on the fuselage. The planes are coated with a liquid to render them incombustible. The longitudinal stability is assured by a fixed plane prolonged by a rudder for controlling the vertical movements. Two large “ailerons” at the back of the upper planes are provided for lateral stability.