[83] Or [VII. Cosmopolitanism (1899- )].

[84] Recommending to open Japan to foreign intercourse.

[85] The following is what the Japanese themselves stated about this event: “The letter of the President of the United States of North America, and copy, are hereby received and delivered to the Emperor. Many times it has been communicated that business relating to foreign countries cannot be transacted here at Uraga, but in Nagasaki. Now, it has been observed that the Admiral, in his quality of ambassador of the President, would be insulted by it; the justice of this has been acknowledged; consequently, the above-mentioned letter is hereby received, in opposition to the Japanese law.”

[86] Dixon’s “Land of the Morning,” p. 97.

[87] Iyenaga’s “Constitutional Development of Japan,” p. 33.

[88] See Appendix for New Treaty.

[89] Drawn up by the then Count (the late Prince) Itō, Mr., now Viscount, Kaneko and Mr. Suyematsu (now Viscount), and others.

[90] This and following quotations are from the Constitution itself.

[91] See Scidmore’s “Jinrikisha Days in Japan,” chaps. xi., xii.

[92] See “The Yankees of the East,” chap. iii.