Gyrophora cylindrica. Cylindrical gyrophora. On rocks in Iceland. Greenish brown. Also G. deusta.

G. deusta. Scorched-looking gyrophora. On rocks in Scandinavia. Linnaeus states that it furnishes a paint called "Tousch", much used in Sweden.

Lecanora candelaria. Ljus mässa. On trees in Sweden.

Lecidea atro-virens. Map lichen. On rocks, Scandinavia.

Lepraria chlorina. Brimstone coloured lepraria. Scandinavia, on rocks.

L. Iolithus. Viol-mässa. Sweden, on stones. Gives stones the appearance of blood stains.

Parmelia omphalodes. In Scandinavia and Scotland. Withering asserts it yields a purple dye, paler, but more permanent, than orchil; which is prepared in Iceland by steeping in stale lye, adding a little salt and making it up into balls with lime.

P. parietina. Common yellow wall lichen, Wäg-mässla Wag-laf. England and Sweden, on trees, rocks, walls, palings. Used to dye Easter eggs. Used in Sweden for wool dyeing.

P. physoides. Dark crottle, Bjork-laf. Found in Sweden, Scotland and Scandinavia, on rocks and trees.