In the four years intervening since this book was first written, the progress of equal rights for women has been so rapid that the summary on pages 175-235 is now largely obsolete; but it is useful for comparison. In the United States at present (August, 1914), Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Idaho, Washington, California, Oregon, Kansas, Arizona, and Alaska have granted full suffrage to women. In the following States the voters will pass upon the question in the autumn of 1914: Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, South Dakota, Missouri, Nebraska, and Ohio, the last three by initiative petition. In New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Iowa, New York, and Massachusetts a constitutional amendment for equal suffrage has passed one legislature and must pass another before being submitted to the people. The advance has been world-wide. Thus, in 1910 the Gaekwar of Baroda in India allowed the women of his dominions a vote in municipal elections, and Bosnia bestowed the parliamentary suffrage on women who owned a certain amount of real estate; Norway in 1913 and Iceland in 1914 were won to full suffrage. The following table presents a convenient historical summary of the progress in political rights:

On July 2, 1776, two days before the Declaration of Independence was signed, New Jersey, in her first State constitution, enfranchised the women by changing the words of her provincial charter from "Male freeholders worth £50" to "all inhabitants worth £50," and for 31 years the women of that State voted.

GAINS IN EQUAL SUFFRAGE

Eighty years ago women could not vote anywhere, except to a very limited extent in Sweden and in a few other places in the Old World.

TIME PLACE KIND OF SUFFRAGE
1838 Kentucky School suffrage to widows with children of school age.
1850 Ontario School suffrage, women married and single
1861 Kansas School suffrage.
1867 New South Wales Municipal suffrage.
1869 England Municipal suffrage, single women and widows

Victoria Municipal suffrage, married and single women

Wyoming Full suffrage.
1871 West Australia Municipal suffrage.
1875 Michigan School suffrage.

Minnesota Do.
1876 Colorado Do.
1877 New Zealand Do.
1878 New Hampshire Do.

Oregon Do.
1879 Massachusetts Do.
1880 New York Do.

Vermont Do.

South Australia Municipal suffrage.
1881 Scotland Municipal suffrage to the single women and widows

Isle of Man Parliamentary suffrage.
1883 Nebraska School suffrage.
1884 Ontario Municipal suffrage.

Tasmania Do.
1886 New Zealand Do.

New Brunswick Do.
1887 Kansas Do.

Nova Scotia Do.

Manitoba Do.

North Dakota School suffrage.

South Dakota Do.
1887 Montana School suffrage

Arizona Do.

New Jersey Do.

Montana Tax-paying suffrage.
1888 England County suffrage.

British Columbia Municipal Suffrage.

Northwest Territory Do.
1889ScotlandCounty suffrage.

Province of QuebecMunicipal suffrage, single women and widows
1891 IllinoisSchool suffrage.
1893 Connecticut Do.

ColoradoFull suffrage.

New Zealand Do.
1894 Ohio School suffrage.

IowaBond suffrage.

EnglandParish and district suffrage, married and single women.
1895 South Australia Full State suffrage.
1896 Utah Full suffrage.

Idaho Do.
1898 IrelandAll offices except members of Parliament.

Minnesota Library trustees.

Delaware School suffrage to tax-paying women.

FranceWomen engaged in commerce can vote for judges of the tribunal of commerce.

Louisiana Tax-paying suffrage.
1900 Wisconsin School suffrage.

West AustraliaFull State suffrage.
1901 New YorkTax-paying suffrage; local taxation in all towns and villages of the State.

NorwayMunicipal suffrage.
1902 AustraliaFull suffrage.

New South WalesFull State suffrage.
1903 KansasBond suffrage.

Tasmania Full State suffrage.
1905 QueenslandDo.
1906 FinlandFull suffrage; eligible for all offices.
1907 NorwayFull parliamentary suffrage to the 300,000 who already had municipal suffrage.

SwedenEligible to municipal offices.

Denmark Can vote for members of boards of public charities and serve on such boards.

England Eligible as mayors, aldermen, and county and town concilors.

Oklahoma New State continued school suffrage for women.
1908 Michigan Taxpayers to vote on question of local taxation and granting of franchises.

DenmarkWomen who are taxpayers or wives of taxpayers vote for all offices except of members of Parliament.

Victoria Full State suffrage.
1909 Belgium Can vote for members of the conseils des prudhommes, and also eligible.

Province of Voralberg (Austrian Tyrol) Single women and widows paying taxes were given a vote.

Ginter Park, VATax-paying women, a vote on all municipal questions.
1910 Washington Full suffrage.

New MexicoSchool suffrage.
1910 Norway Municipal suffrage made universal.
Three-fifths of the women had it before.

Bosnia Parliamentary vote to women owning a certain amount of real estate.

Diet of the Crown Prince of Krain (Austria)
Suffrage to the women of its capital city Laibach.

India (Gaekwar of Baroda)
Women in his dominions vote in municipal elections.

Wurttemberg Women engaged in agriculture vote for Kingdom of members of the chamber of agriculture; also eligible.

New YorkWomen in all towns, villages and third-class cities vote on bonding propositions.
1911 CaliforniaFull suffrage.

HondurasMunicipal suffrage in capital city, Belize.

IcelandParliamentary suffrage for women over 25 years.
1912 Oregon Full suffrage.

Arizona Do.

Kansas Do.
1913 Alaska Do.

Norway Do.

IllinoisSuffrage for statutory officials (including presidential electors and municipal officers).
1914 Iceland Full suffrage.

In the United States the struggle for the franchise has entered national politics, a sure sign of its widening scope. The demand for equal suffrage was embodied in the platform of the Progressive Party in August, 1912. This marks an advance over Col. Roosevelt's earlier view, expressed in the

Outlook

of February 3, 1912, when he said: "I believe in woman's suffrage wherever the women want it. Where they do not want it, the suffrage should not be forced upon them." When the new administration assumed office in March, 1913, the friends of suffrage worked to secure a constitutional amendment which should make votes for women universal in the United States.