Fallacy of lean meat producing muscle
Until forty years ago the idea was held by scientists, and is still a matter of popular belief, that nitrogenous foods are the sole source of all muscular energy. This is quite a natural assumption. Lean meat is muscle. If a man eats the muscle of another animal, by the primitive process of reasoning, he should acquire muscle. This belief among people who are not acquainted with physiological chemistry is almost universal, while the facts are, the man who eats the muscle of an ox for the purpose of adding strength to his own biceps is acting no more wisely than the college boy who takes calf's brain for breakfast the day before examination.
Nitrogenous foods not a source of muscular energy
The fact that nitrogenous foods are not a source of muscular energy has been repeatedly proved by experiments on man and animals too numerous to relate here. The sugar and the fat in the blood are taken into the muscle-cells, and there unite with the oxygen brought from the lungs, producing energy. When the body is fed upon proteids lacking a sufficient quantity of other food elements, a portion of this proteid is converted into glucose or sugar, which maintains body-heat and energy. This is what happens in the case of carnivorous animals that have excretory organs especially adapted to the converting and the eliminating of useless or surplus products.
Small amount of proteid matter required by animals
It has been proved that dogs are capable of living for an indefinite period of time upon a diet containing only a small proportion of proteid matter, while maintaining health and increasing in weight. Thus we see that even carnivorous animals require, for the maintenance of the body-functions, a comparatively small amount of nitrogenous material. Their strength and heat-forming elements can be secured from carbohydrates and fats, probably to their actual benefit. It is interesting to note, however, that dogs as a general rule cannot live and thrive on a vegetable diet; a certain amount of animal proteids seems indispensable. The same principle applies to other carnivorous animals. Even ducks and chickens need a small percentage of animal proteids in order to properly thrive and develop.
Conditions governing quantity of nitrogen
In order to maintain good health, every person requires a certain amount of nitrogen, the quantity being governed by activity, exposure, age, and temperature of environment. The growing youth needs nitrogen to supply material for the tissue growth of his body; an emaciated person who wishes to increase weight, a person recovering from illness, or a man who is constantly performing strenuous work, would all require a generous quantity of nitrogenous food.
Lowest daily amount of nitrogen required