Much has been written as to how, from dis-eased animals, human beings have contracted contagious dis-eases, especially tuberculosis. The risk of such contagion has in all probability been much exaggerated. Flesh foods are seldom taken in an uncooked form, and dis-ease germs are usually destroyed by the sterilizing process involved in cooking. The cooking process, however, must be very thorough in order to destroy dis-ease germs; that is, the heat must be sufficient to coagulate the proteids. The interior of a rare beefsteak, such as popularly demanded by the flesh-eater, has not reached this temperature, hence this form of meat should be condemned on this ground if for no other.
Trichinosis
Perhaps the worst form of dis-ease contamination from fresh flesh food is that of trichinosis. Trichinae are worm-like creatures which have the first stage of their growth in the flesh of swine, and then become encased in a cyst or egg-like structure, which, when taken into the human digestive organs are revived, and the trichinae then bore their way through the walls of the digestive organs, completing their growth in the human muscle-tissue. Trichinosis is one of the most fatal of diseases, but fortunately is not common. Tapeworms owe their origin to a similar source. There are several species of tapeworms; some have their origin in pork, and some in beef.
FISH
Under this heading I will consider fish and other sea-creatures.
Nutrients in fish
The flesh of most fish is quite free from fat, and consists almost entirely of water and proteids. It is less concentrated than the flesh of warm-blooded animals, averaging about 18 to 20 per cent proteids, and 60 to 70 per cent water. The percentage of ash in fish is also somewhat greater than in any other flesh food. The popular idea that fish is good food for the brain originated in the fact that analysis of some fish shows a considerable percentage of phosphorus, which substance Fish as brain food is also found in the brain. There is no reason to believe, however, that the liberal use of fish would develop or produce an excess of brain-tissue. Any well-balanced diet contains ample phosphorus to nourish the brain.
The true science of human nutrition lies in the knowledge of selecting, combining, and proportioning food according to age, climate, and work. When this is done, the tendency of the body is to eliminate dis-ease and to assume normal action; this accomplished, every part of the anatomy shares in the general improvement.
Fish superior to flesh of mammals
My theory advanced against the use of meat because of nitrogenous decomposition products, holds true with fish, though in a somewhat limited degree. The decomposition products of cold-blooded animals are not identical with those of mammals, hence their consumption as food does not add to the percentage of human waste-products so directly as do other meats.