Page
FOREWORD[iii]
PREFACE[v]
COUNTRY SUMMARY[vii]
SECTION I. SOCIAL
Chapter 1.General Character of the Society[1]
2.Historical Setting[9]
Early Origin—Formation of the Principalities—Western Influences—National Independence—World War I—Interwar Years, 1918-40—World War II— Communist Seizure of Power—The Communist State
3.Physical Environment and Population[29]
Natural Features and Resources—Boundaries and Political Subdivisions—Population—Living Conditions—Transportation
4.Social System and Values[49]
Ethnic Composition—Social Structure—Social Values
5.Religion[65]
Church-State Relations—The Romanian Orthodox Church—The Roman Catholic Church—Protestant Churches—Other Religions and Churches
6.Education[73]
Background—Educational Reforms Since 1948—
Literacy—The Educational System—Education of Minorities
7.Artistic and Intellectual Expression[91]
The Role of the Arts Under Communism—Art, Sculpture, and Architecture—Music—Theater—Films—Literature—Scholarship and Research
SECTION II. POLITICAL
8.Governmental System[109]
The Constitutional System—The Structure and Functioning of the Government—The Electoral System
9.Political Dynamics and Values[129]
Major Political Developments, 1965 to 1970—Political Organizations—Party Policies and Programs—Political Values and Attitudes
10.Foreign Relations[155]
Determinants of Foreign Policy—Conduct of Foreign Affairs—International Relations
11.Public Information[175]
Government and Freedom of Information—The Press—Radio and Television—Book Publishing—Libraries—Films—Informal Information Media
SECTION III. NATIONAL SECURITY
12.Public Order and Internal Security[193]
Internal Security—Public Order—Crime and the Penal System
13.Armed Forces[211]
Historical Background—Governmental and Party Control Over the Armed Forces—Organization and Mission—Foreign Military Relations—Manpower, Training, and Support—The Military Establishment and the National Economy
SECTION IV. ECONOMIC
14.Character and Structure of the Economy[229]
Organization—Structure and Growth—Planning—Price System—Budget—Banking—Currency—Foreign Trade
15.Agriculture[253]
Agricultural Regions—Land Use—Organization—Farm Labor—Investment and Credit—Production
16.Industry[275]
Natural Resources—Electric Power—Organization—Labor—Investment and Construction—Production
BIBLIOGRAPHY[291]
GLOSSARY[305]
INDEX[307]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page
1Romania[xiv]
2Romania, Historic Provinces[10]
3Topography of Romania[31]
4Romanian Transportation System[44]
5Romania, Distribution of Ethnic Groups, 1966[51]
6Romania, Structure of Education, 1972[81]
7Structure of the Government of Romania, 1971[115]
8Romania, Organization of the Council of Ministers, 1971[120]
9Organization of the Romanian Communist Party, 1972[138]
10Romania, Organization of the Armed Forces, 1972[214]

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page
1Romania, Population Structure, by Age and Sex, 1971 Estimate[40]
2Use of Transportation Facilities in Romania, 1950, 1960, and 1969[45]
3Principal Romanian Daily Newspapers, 1971[179]
4National Income (Net Material Product) of Romania by Economic Sector, 1960, 1967, and 1970[232]
5Gross National Product of Romania, by Sector of Origin, 1960 and 1967[233]
6Foreign Trade of Romania, by Groups of Countries, 1960 and 1969[250]
7Land Use in Romania, Selected Years, 1960-70[255]
8Cultivated Acreage in Romania, by Major Crops, 1960 and 1969[256]
9Agricultural Land in Romania, by Type of Ownership, 1969[258]
10 Production of Major Crops in Romania, Selected years, 1960-69[272]
11 Output of Livestock Products in Romania, Selected Years, 1960-69[272]
12 Crop Production and Livestrock Products in Romania, by Type of Farm, 1969[274]
13 Output of Selected Industrial Products in Romania, 1960 and 1969[288]