Rilliet[112] cites cases tending to show that consanguineous marriages, in themselves pernicious, tend with certainty to lower vital force. The effects he divides into two categories; those which relate to the parents, under which head are:—

a. Failure of conception.

b. Retardation of conception.

c. Imperfect conception.

Those which relate to the progeny:—

a. Imperfections of various kinds.

b. Monstrosities.

c. Imperfect physical and mental organisation.

d. Tendency to diseases of the nervous system, such as epilepsy, imbecility, idiocy, deaf-mutism, paralysis, and various cerebral affections.

e. Tendency to strumous diseases.