Figs. 496, 497.—Fragaria vesca.
Fig. 496.—Longitudinal section of flower.
Fig. 497.—A carpel, entire, and in longitudinal section.
3. Rubeæ. Rubus (Bramble) has the same form of receptacle as the Potentilleæ, but no epicalyx; the fruitlets are drupes, not enclosed by the persistent calyx. Most frequently shrubs or undershrubs with prickles (emergences), glandular bristles and compound leaves. In the Raspberry (R. idæus) the fruitlets unite together and detach themselves from the receptacle.
4. Roseæ. Rosa; the receptacle is hollow, ovoid and contracted beneath the insertion of the calyx (Fig. [498]), ultimately fleshy and coloured; it encloses a large number of fruitlets which are achenes as hard as stones (“hip,” biologically a berry).—Shrubs with imparipinnate leaves and adnate stipules. The sepals show clearly the order of their development (a divergence of 2/5), the two outer ones on both sides are lobed, the third one on one side only, and the two last, whose edges are covered by the others, are not lobed at all. Prickles (emergences) are generally present and in some species are placed in regular order, being found immediately below each leaf (usually two) although at somewhat varying heights.
Fig. 498.—Longitudinal section of flower of Rosa.
Figs. 499, 500.—Agrimonia eupatoria.