PORTRAITS

[D’Alembert][Frontispiece]
From an Engraving after Pujos.
[Diderot] [To face p.32]
From an Engraving by Henriquez, after the Portrait by Vanloo.
[Galiani][" 62]
From a Print.
[Vauvenargues][" 96]
From a Print in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris.
[D’Holbach][" 118]
From a Portrait in the Musée Condé, Chantilly.
[Grimm][" 150]
From an Engraving, after Carmontelle, in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris.
[Helvétius][" 176]
From an Engraving by St. Aubin, after the Portrait by Vanloo.
[Turgot][" 206]
From an Engraving by Le Beau, after the Portrait by Troy.
[Beaumarchais][" 236]
From an Engraving, after Michon, in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris.
[Condorcet][" 268]
From an Engraving by Lemort, after the Bust by St.Aubin.

SOME SOURCES OF INFORMATION

D’Alembert. Joseph Bertrand.
Œuvres et Correspondance inédites. D’Alembert.
Correspondance avec d’Alembert. Marquise du Deffand.
Diderot and the Encyclopædists. John Morley.
Éloge de d’Alembert. Condorcet.
Œuvres. Diderot.
Diderot. Reinach.
Diderot, l’Homme et l’Ecrivain. Ducros.
Diderot. Scherer.
Diderot et Catherine II. Tourneux.
Ferdinando Galiani, Correspondance, Étude, etc. Perrey et Maugras.
Lettres de l’Abbé Galiani. Eugène Asse.
Mémoires et Correspondance. Madame d’Épinay.
Jeunesse de Madame d’Épinay. Perrey et Maugras.
Dernières Années de Madame d’Épinay. Perrey et Maugras.
Mémoires. Marmontel.
Mémoires. Morellet.
Causeries du Lundi. Sainte-Beuve.
Vauvenargues. Paléologue.
Œuvres et Éloge de Vauvenargues. D. L. Gilbert.
Melchior Grimm. Scherer.
Rousseau. John Morley.
Miscellanies. John Morley.
Correspondance Littéraire. Grimm et Diderot.
Turgot. Léon Say.
Turgot. W. B. Hodgson.
Œuvres. Turgot.
Vie de Turgot. Condorcet.
Correspondance inédite de Condorcet et Turgot. C. Henry.
La Marquise de Condorcet. Guillois.
Vie de Condorcet. Robinet.
Beaumarchais et Son Temps. Loménie.
Beaumarchais. Hallays.
Théâtre de Beaumarchais.
La Fin de l’Ancien Régime. Imbert de Saint-Amand.
French Revolution. Carlyle.
Critical Essays. Carlyle.
Correspondance. Voltaire.
Portraits Littéraires du XVIIIe Siècle. La Harpe.
Cours de Littérature. La Harpe.
Mémoire sur Helvétius. Damiron.
Le Salon de Madame Helvétius. Guillois.
Histoire de la Philosophie Moderne. Buhle.
Life of Hume. Burton.
The Private Correspondence of Garrick with Celebrated Persons.
Mémoires pour servir à l’Histoire de la Philosophie. Damiron.
Letters. Laurence Sterne.

THE FRIENDS OF VOLTAIRE

I
D’ALEMBERT: THE THINKER

Of that vast intellectual movement which prepared the way for the most stupendous event in history, the French Revolution, Voltaire was the creative spirit.

But there was a group of men, less famous but not less great, who also heralded the coming of the new heaven and the new earth; who were in a strict sense friends and fellow-workers of Voltaire, although one or two of them were personally little known to him; whose aim was his aim, to destroy from among the people ‘ignorance, the curse of God,’ and who were, as he was, the prophets and the makers of a new dispensation.