[240] Horace, Epode, vii. 7; Odes, i. 21, 15; iii. 5, 2; Propert., iii. 23, 5.
[241] Vergil, Georg. iii. 25; Horace, Odes iii. 4, 33.
[242] Strabo, ii. 5, 8; iv. 6, 4.
[243] Strabo, l. c. In the Monument. (ch. 32) Augustus records the visit of two British princes, Dumnobellaunus and another, of whose name only the letters Tinn remain (perhaps “Tincommius,” a king of what is now Sussex).
[244] The triumph of M. Crassus is dated by the Tab. Triumph. C. I. L. 1, 416; but the defeat of the “Dacian Cotiso” is classed with the Cantabrian war by Horace (Od. 3, 8, 18-24), and Livy, Ep. 135, mentions a second war of M. Crassus “against the Thracians,” as contemporary with the Spanish war.
[245] The Salassi, who had for the last 100 years given much trouble, had twice in recent years been in arms: in B.C. 35 they defeated C. Antistius Vetus, and, in B.C. 34, had, with great difficulty, been partly subdued by Valerius Messalla. Their command of the principal Alpine pass made it important that they should be kept in check.
[246] Hor., Od. 2, 6, 2, Cantabrum indoctum iuga ferre nostra.
[247] Odes iii. 8, 21, servit Hispanæ vetus hostis oræ Cantaber sera domitus catena; iii. 14, 3, Cæsar Hispana repetit Penates Victor ab ora.
[248] Perhaps that of which remains exist at Aosta, and cannot now be dated. That at Turbia was built B.C. 6 (Pliny, N. H. 3 § 136). That at Susa in B.C. 8 [C. I. L. v. 7,231]. Horace may refer to it among the Nova Augusti tropæa (Od. 2, 9, 19).
[249] Horace, Odes i. 29, 1; ii. 12, 24; iii. 24, 1; i. 35, 32-40.