In order adequately to represent this advancement and development, the best authorities have been freely consulted and drawn upon, special acknowledgments being due to the following works: “Bone Products and Manures,” by Thomas Lambert, and “Glue and Glue Testing,” by Samuel Rideal.
As the demand for phosphorus is steadily increasing, and the manufacture of this product from bones and bone-ash forms an important branch of the utilization of bones, it has been deemed advisable to devote a chapter to this subject.
The receipts for cements, pastes, and mucilages given in Part II. have been gathered from numerous sources. They have been critically examined, and are offered, with the full conviction, that they will not be found wanting in efficacy.
The Table of Contents and Index have both been carefully prepared, and being very full, will make reference to any subject in the volume easy and satisfactory.
W. T. B.
Philadelphia, Pa., August 10, 1905.
CONTENTS.
| [PART I]. | |
| GLUE AND GELATINE. | |
| [CHAPTER I]. | |
| NATURE of GLUE. | |
| PAGE | |
| Sources of glue; Change in the animal tissues by continued boiling; Definitionof what is known as glue; Most important glue-yielding substances | [1] |
| Transformations of which glue and gelatine are the products; Transitionstages of glue; Production of the glue-yielding substance of the animalbody | [2] |
| Crude glue and jelly; Constitution of glue; Combinations of which glueconsists | [3] |
| Preparation of pure glutin; Properties of glutin | [4] |
| Preparation and properties of chondrin | [5] |
| Adhesive power of glutin and of chondrin; Properties of glue and its behaviortowards other substances; Quantity of glutin in glue | [6] |
| Properties of jelly before drying to glue; Absorption of ozone by thejelly; Behavior of glue solution towards different salts; Effect of acidsupon glue; Meta-gelatin | [7] |
| Combinations of tannin with the jelly; Effects of dry heat upon glue;Chemical composition of glue and glue-yielding substance | [8] |
| [CHAPTER II]. | |
| USES of GLUE. | |
| Glue as a joining medium, and requirements for this purpose | [10] |
| Glue as a binding agent; Consumption of glue in the manufacture ofmatches | [11] |
| Quality of glue required by bookbinders; Glue in sizing; Glue for culinaryand medicinal purposes | [12] |
| Glue for clarifying and fining beer, wine and other liquids; Bouillontablets; Glue as a healing agent | 13 |
| Glue for elastic masses and a partial substitute for rubber; Use of glue inphotolithography; Hectograph mass; Glue for fancy articles | [14] |
| Gelatine veneers and their uses | [15] |
| [CHAPTER III]. | |
| RAW MATERIALS AND THEIR PREPARATION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GLUE. | |
| Principal substances employed for the manufacture of glue; Division ofraw materials into groups | [16] |
| Animal skin and its constitution | [17] |
| Portion of the skin of value for the manufacture of leather and glue;Yield of glue from tannery waste; Influence of the age of the animalsfrom which the skins have been derived upon the quality of the glue | [18] |
| Notes in reference to judging glue-stock | [19] |
| Liming of waste | [20] |
| Precaution and care required when buying glue leather; Arrangementsrequired for the preparation of glue stock; Location of the glue factory;Lime pits; Contrivances for washing the limed stock | [21] |
| Washing drums; Pits or vats with proper arrangements for stirring,draining and inspection; Glue stock washer invented by W. A.Hoeveller, described and illustrated | [22] |
| Sheds for storing and sorting; Mode of carrying on the work in the factory;Liming; Preparation of milk of lime | [26] |
| Importance of the quality of the lime used; Testing the value of a limeby determining the amount of real calcium hydroxide contained in it;Mode of conducting the operation | [27] |
| Washing the material after removal from the lime pit; Washing and drying | [28] |
| Preservation of the glue-stock by means of carbolic acid; Preparation ofcarbolic acid solution for this purpose | [29] |
| Use of other antiseptics for the purpose of preventing putrefaction; Formaldehydeand boric acid; Classification of the principal varieties ofhides and leather for glue-stock | [30] |
| Bones and cartilages | [31] |
| Constitution of bones; Composition of bone cartilage; Value of bones forthe manufacture of glue; Necessity of exercising care in buying bones | [32] |
| Sorting the bones; Crushing or grinding the bones | [33] |
| Stamping mill for crushing bones, described and illustrated | [34] |
| Bone crusher, described and illustrated; Crosskill bone mill, described andillustrated; Sieve for sorting the crushed bones, described and illustrated | [36] |
| Lime bath for bones; Treatment of the bones with hydrochloric acid | [37] |
| Washing the stock; Use of dilute sulphurous acid in place of hydrochloricacid as suggested by Gerland; Jullion and Pirie’s process forthe preparation of gelatine from bones | 38 |
| Leather waste; Mechanical manipulation of the waste; Comminution ofthe waste and use of a rag-engine or hollander for this purpose | [39] |
| Various methods of extracting tannin from leather waste | [40] |
| Raw materials for fish glue; Difference between isinglass and glue manufacturedfrom entire fishes; Principal points to be observed in the manufactureof fish glue | [41] |
| Utilization of scales of large fishes | [42] |
| [CHAPTER IV]. | |
| MANUFACTURE OF SKIN GLUE. | |
| Classification of operations; Definition of crude glue; Derivation of thebulk of this stock | [43] |
| Cooking or boiling glue-stock; Boiler for this purpose, and manner ofusing it | [44] |
| Duration of boiling | [45] |
| Mode of ascertaining the progress of the operation; Convenient apparatusfor glue-boiling with water, described and illustrated | [46] |
| Extracting the glue stock by the use of steam | [47] |
| Boiler for this purpose, described and illustrated; Use of open-jacketedpans heated by steam, described and illustrated | [49] |
| Process of cooking as described by Mr. Thomas Lambert; Terne’s glueboiler, described and illustrated | [51] |
| Clarifying the glue-liquor | [52] |
| Distinction between clearness and color; Clarifying vats; Prevention ofputrefaction of the liquor | [53] |
| Use of alum and other chemicals for clarifying; Freeing the liquor fromcoloring substances | [54] |
| Use of animal charcoal for this purpose; Bleaching the raw materials previousto boiling them to glue; Use of chloride of lime or of sulphurousacid for this purpose | [55] |
| Forming or moulding the glue; Moulds for this purpose | [56] |
| Detaching the glue from the sides of the moulding boxes; Cutting thecubes of glue into commercial cakes or sheets; On what the shape ofthe cakes depends | [57] |
| Use of stone-slabs in place of cooling boxes; Use of glass or zinc platesfor liquors which in gelatinizing do not become very solid | [58] |
| Tools for cutting the jelly into cakes, described and illustrated | [59] |
| Machine for slicing and spreading glue-jelly preparatory to drying inventedby Mr. J. Schneible, described and illustrated | [60] |
| Cutting apparatus patented by M. Devoulx, described and illustrated | [62] |
| Drying the cakes of glue; Drying in the open air; Mode of conductingthe operation in a drying room | [64] |
| Size of the drying room; Circulation and change of air in the dryingroom | 65 |
| Nets and frames for drying the glue; Objections to twine netting | [66] |
| Metallic netting and its advantages; Regulation of the temperature of thedrying room; Means of promoting the dryness of the air | [67] |
| Use of long drying galleries; Apparatus for drying glue, invented byW. A. Hoeveller, described and illustrated | [68] |
| Modern drying house, described and illustrated | [71] |
| Method to accelerate the drying of glue, proposed by Fleck | [72] |
| Mode of giving the dry cakes a good lustrous appearance | [73] |
| [CHAPTER V]. | |
| MANUFACTURE OF BONE GLUE. | |
| Comminution of the bones; Various methods of extracting the fat; Boilingbones | [74] |
| Steaming bones and apparatus for this purpose | [75] |
| Extraction of bones with benzine or carbon disulphide; Apparatus for theuse of benzine invented by Messrs. Wm. Adamson and Charles F. A.Simonis of Philadelphia, Pa., described and illustrated | [76] |
| Adamson’s method for treating substances with hydrocarbon vapor for thepurpose of extracting oils, fats, etc., described and illustrated | [79] |
| Adamson’s method for treating substances with liquid hydrocarbon forthe purpose of extracting oils, fats, etc., described and illustrated | [82] |
| Adamson’s process for removing hydrocarbons from substances whichhave been treated therewith, described and illustrated | [84] |
| F. Seltsam’s apparatus, described and illustrated | [86] |
| F. Seltsam’s apparatus as improved by Th. Richter, described and illustrated | [88] |
| Alfred Leuner’s apparatus, described and illustrated | [90] |
| Extraction with hydrochloric acid | [91] |
| Sulphurous acid process | [92] |
| Generation of sulphurous acid | [93] |
| Apparatus for the generation of sulphurous acid constructed by Dr. BrunoTerne, described and illustrated; Conversion of cartilage into glue;Wm. Friedberg’s apparatus for this purpose, described and illustrated | [94] |
| Mode of operation with this apparatus | [95] |
| Construction of the filter used in connection with the apparatus | [96] |
| Settling tank, described and illustrated; Arrangement of an open evaporatingpan, described and illustrated | [98] |
| Cooling the glue liquor; Use of refrigerating machines for that purpose;Spiral evaporators | [100] |
| Vacuum pan for evaporating glue and gelatine liquors, described and illustrated | [101] |
| Instrument which indicates the amount of dry glue in the solution, describedand illustrated | [103] |
| Process for the simultaneous utilization of bones for fat, bone-meal andglue | 104 |
| Crushing the bones; Apparatus for subjecting the crushed bones to theaction of high-pressure steam, described and illustrated | [105] |
| Mode of operation with this apparatus | [106] |
| Duration of steaming the bones for the manufacture of animal charcoal | [107] |
| Sorting the bones for the manufacture of animal charcoal; Former methodof carbonization | [108] |
| Arrangement of a Belgian retort-furnace, described and illustrated | [109] |
| Products evolved in the destructive distillation of bones; Mode of operationwith Belgian retort-furnaces | [112] |
| Products obtained in making animal charcoal on a large scale; Processfor the simultaneous utilization of the bones for fat, glue and calciumphosphate; Degreasing the bones | [113] |
| Treatment of the bones with hydrochloric acid; Preservation of the resultingcartilage; Boiling the cartilage in open vessels | [114] |
| Mode of extracting the phosphates from bones; Yield of glue obtainedfrom cartilage after extraction of the mineral constituents; Constituentsof the liquor obtained by treating the bones | [115] |
| Utilization of the liquor in the manufacture of fertilizers | [116] |
| [CHAPTER VI]. | |
| MANUFACTURE OF PHOSPHORUS. | |
| Operations included in the ordinary method of preparing phosphorus;Burning the bones to ash; Kiln used for this purpose | [117] |
| Improved form of kiln proposed by Fleck; Mode of operation with a kilnof this construction | [118] |
| Quantity of substance which remains after burning the bones; Compositionof bone ash; Conversion of the bone ash into a coarse powder; Decompositionof the bone ash by sulphuric acid | [119] |
| Separate processes which have to be distinguished; Embodiment of theseprocesses in equations | [120] |
| Actual yield of phosphorus; Methods by which the formation of calciumphosphate may be effected; Process without the assistance of heat | [121] |
| Decomposition of the bone ash in the warm way | [122] |
| Apparatus for hot lixiviation | [123] |
| Evaporation of the liquor; Mixing the fluid with charcoal | [124] |
| Yield of so-called distilling mass; Utilization of the liquor obtained intreating bones for the manufacture of glue with hydrochloric acid; Concentrationof the liquor for crystallization | [125] |
| Mode of obtaining the calcium phosphate contained in the mother-liquor;Drying the crystals | [126] |
| Mixing the crystals with charcoal; Evaporating pans; Treatment of theresidue of basic calcium phosphate left in the manufacture of phosphorus;Distillation of the phosphorus; Conversion of the acid calciumphosphate into calcium metaphosphate and reduction of the latter; Retortsand furnace for distilling the mixture of acid calcium phosphateand charcoal; The galley-furnace | [127] |
| Modification of the galley-furnace, described and illustrated | [128] |
| Furnaces for the use of coke as fuel; Receivers for collecting the phosphorusdistilling over | [129] |
| Process of distillation; Indication of the commencement of distillation | [130] |
| Removing the phosphorus from the receivers; Regaining the phosphoricacid contained in the water from the receivers; Constitution of crudephosphorus | [131] |
| Refining and purifying the phosphorus; Various methods of purification;Percentage of loss of phosphorus | [132] |
| Distillation of the crude product in order to obtain pure phosphorus; Retortsand distilling apparatus for this purpose, described and illustrated | [133] |
| Process of distillation; Different qualities of the phosphorus passing overin the various stages of distillation; Separation of the phosphorus passingover according to quality | [134] |
| Moulding the refined phosphorus; Seubert’s apparatus for this purpose | [135] |
| Disadvantages of Seubert’s apparatus; Improved apparatus by which theoperation is rendered perfectly free from danger, described and illustrated | [136] |
| Moulding the phosphorus in wedge-shaped sheet-metal boxes | [137] |
| Mode of storing and shipping phosphorus; Manufacture of phosphoruswith the assistance of electricity; Mixture used for the operation | [138] |
| Furnace employed for the electrolytic manufacture of phosphorus, describedand illustrated | [139] |
| Mode of operating the furnace | [140] |
| [CHAPTER VII]. | |
| METHODS OF BLEACHING GLUE. | |
| Bleaching in the air; Bleaching with chlorine | [141] |
| Bleaching with animal charcoal | [142] |
| Bleaching with sulphurous acid; Apparatus for the production of theacid solution, described and illustrated | [143] |
| [CHAPTER VIII]. | |
| DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF GLUE AND THEIR PREPARATION. | |
| Joiner’s glue; Material for the best variety of joiner’s glue | [146] |
| How to make and use glue; Holding power of glue | [147] |
| Cologne glue | [148] |
| Russian glue; Additions by means of which the color and opaqueness areimparted to this variety of glue | [149] |
| Patent glue; Gilder’s glue; Superior article of gilder’s glue; Size glueand parchment glue; Paris glue | 150 |
| Liquid glues; Receipts for liquid glues | [151] |
| Preparation of saccharate of lime; Steam-glue; Russian steam-glue; Palesteam-glue; Dark steam-glue | [152] |
| Chrome glue; Glue for attaching leather to metal; Glue for leather,paper, etc. | [153] |
| Glue for parchment paper in making sausage skins | [154] |
| Tungstic glue; Indestructible mass for the manufacture of ornaments,toys, etc.; Compound for billiard balls | [155] |
| Coloring glue; Process for this purpose invented by G. J. Lesser | [156] |
| Composition for printing rollers; Size | [157] |
| Process used in an English factory for making tub-size | [158] |
| Preparation of bone-size; Composition of the different grades of size | [159] |
| Concentrated size; Bookbinder’s size; Water-proof glue; Glue solutionfor rendering wrapping paper water-proof | [160] |
| Water-proofing fabrics with glue and tannin | [161] |
| Muratori and Landry’s process of water-proofing fabrics | [162] |
| Muzmann and Krakowitzer’s process of water-proofing fabrics; Glue forjoints in leather driving belts; Hectograph mass | [163] |
| Formulas for hectograph masses | [164] |
| [CHAPTER IX]. | |
| MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE, AND PRODUCTS PREPARED FROM IT. | |
| Properties of gelatine; Change in the chemical constitution of gelatineproduced by concentrated sulphuric or nitric acid; Tannin as a test forthe presence of gelatine; Use of gelatine for culinary and medicinalpurposes | [165] |
| Skin gelatine; Method of manufacture introduced and patented, in 1839,by George Nelson; Process patented, in 1844, by Messrs. J. & G.Cox of Edinburgh | [166] |
| G. P. Swinborn’s improved patented process for the preparation of gelatinefrom hides, skins and glue pieces; Modern process of preparingskin gelatine; “Steeping” the skins | [167] |
| Washing and bleaching the skins | [168] |
| Digesting the skins; Clarifying the liquors | [169] |
| Evaporation of the liquors in vacuo; Drying the cut cakes; Bone gelatine;Materials for this purpose; Crushing the bones; Solution of theglue cartilage | [170] |
| Apparatus and improved manner of manufacture employed in the factoryof D. J. Briers, described and illustrated | [171] |
| Modern process of preparing bone gelatine | [179] |
| Colored gelatine; Uses of colored gelatine; Harmless coloring matters;Colors for coloring leaves of gelatine with aniline colors for technicalpurposes | [181] |
| Gelatine for fining purposes; Gelatine Lainée; Fining powder for wineand beer; Liquid fining gelatine; Preparation of gelatine from ordinaryglue | [182] |
| Preparation of gelatine for photographic printing and for photographicpurposes in general; Removal of the salts from the gelatine | [183] |
| Gelatine capsules for medicinal purposes; Court plaster | [184] |
| Gelatine foils; Mode of coloring the foils | [185] |
| Gelatine veneers; Principal operations in the manufacture of gelatineveneers | [186] |
| Preparation of the plates; Preparation of the glue solutions; Proportionsby weight of the mixtures for ten different varieties of imitations ofmarble and enamel | [187] |
| Imitation of mother-of-pearl veneers | [188] |
| Pouring the colored solutions of glue upon the plates | [189] |
| Preparation of imitations of malachite | [190] |
| Transferring the layer of glue to a layer of gelatine | [191] |
| Drying and detaching the veneers | [192] |
| Water-proofing gelatine veneers; Uses of gelatine veneers; Formo-gelatineand its uses | [193] |
| Use of gelatine in bacteriology | [194] |
| Artificial silk from gelatine | [195] |
| [CHAPTER X]. | |
| ISINGLASS AND ITS SUBSTITUTES. | |
| Sources of isinglass; Properties of a good quality of isinglass; Imitations ofisinglass and their detection; Adulteration of isinglass and its detection | [196] |
| Russian isinglass; Siberian purse isinglass; Preparation of isinglass inRussia | [197] |
| North American or New York isinglass | [198] |
| East India isinglass; Hudson Bay isinglass; Brazilian isinglass | [199] |
| German isinglass; Isinglass from the scales of shad and herring; Bleachinginferior qualities of isinglass; Ichthycolle Française | [200] |
| Isinglassine; Chinese isinglass | [201] |
| Irish moss; Fish glue; Jennings’ process for the preparation of fish glue | [203] |
| Treatment of fish scales; Production of fish glue on the Norwegian coast;Substitute for isinglass according to C. A. Sahlström’s process | [203] |
| Whale glue | [204] |
| [CHAPTER XI]. | |
| TESTING GLUE AND GELATINE. | |
| Determination of moisture; Determination of ash; Determination of acidity | [205] |
| Determination of glutin; Bisler-Beumat’s method | [206] |
| Analysis of samples of American glue by S. Dana Hayes; Deduction ofthe quality of glue from indirect properties | 207 |
| Lipowitz’s method of testing the strength of a glue, described and illustrated | [208] |
| Results obtained by comparative experiments | [209] |
| Facts shown by the results | [210] |
| Weidenbusch’s method of testing glue | [211] |
| Preparation of the plaster of Paris stick and of the glue solution used inthis test | [212] |
| Apparatus for testing the strength of the plaster of Paris sticks, describedand illustrated; Test adopted by the “Artillerie Werkstätte” atSpandau | [213] |
| Determination of adulterations | [214] |
| Kissling’s results in testing a large number of samples of glue | [215] |
| Practical tests of glue | [216] |
| [PART II.] | |
| CEMENTS, PASTES, MUCILAGES. | |
| [CHAPTER XII]. | |
| CLASSIFICATION OF CEMENTS. | |
| Stohmann’s division of cements and pastes; Groups of cements | [218] |
| Chemical nature of cements; Oil cements | [219] |
| Resinous cements; Definition of resins | [220] |
| Properties of resinous cements | [221] |
| Rubber and gutta-percha cements; Glue and starch cements | [222] |
| Lime cements | [223] |
| [CHAPTER XIII]. | |
| PREPARATION OF CEMENTS, PASTES, AND MUCILAGES. | |
| Oil cements; Putty and its preparation | [224] |
| French putty; Soft putty; Litharge cement; Red lead cement; Cementfor wash basins | [225] |
| Zinc-white cement; Mastic cement, mastic or pierres de mastic | [226] |
| French mastic; Paget’s mastic; Water-proof cement; Serbat’s mastic | [227] |
| Stephen’s oil cement; Oil cement for glass; Oil cement free from lead forsteam pipes; Oil cements for steam pipes; Oil cement for marble | [228] |
| Oil cement for porcelain; Diamond cement; Hager’s diamond cement;Resinous cements; Resinous cement for amber; Cement for turners | [229] |
| Cement for ivory and bone; Cement for white enameled clock faces;Cements for glass; Cement for glass upon glass; Cement for glass uponmetal; Cement for metal letters upon glass; Cement for wood | 230 |
| Cement for knife handles; Cement for petroleum lamps; Cement forporcelain; Cement for porcelain which is to be heated; Cement to withstandthe action of petroleum; Cement for mica | [231] |
| Cement for horn, whalebone and tortoise shell; Cement for terra cottaarticles; Mastic cement for glass; Stick mastic cement; Sulphur cementfor porcelain | [232] |
| Insoluble cement for wooden vessels; Rubber cements; Cements for glass;Soft rubber cement | [233] |
| Hard rubber cement; Elastic cement; Marine glue | [234] |
| Jeffrey’s marine glue; Marine glue for damp walls; Gutta-percha cements;Cement for leather | [235] |
| Cement for hard rubber combs; Elastic gutta-percha cement; Cement forhorses’ hoofs; Cement for crockery | [236] |
| Cement for leather; Caseine cements; Preparation of pure caseine | [237] |
| Preparation of ordinary technical caseine; John A. Just’s method forobtaining a purer technical caseine | [238] |
| Caseine cement which can be kept for a long time; Cement for glass;Cement for metals; Cement for porcelain; Cement for meerschaum;Cement for wood, etc. | [239] |
| Cement for porcelain; Water-glass and water-glass cements; Water-glassand its properties; Cement for cracked bottles | [240] |
| Cement for glass and porcelain; Cement for hydraulic works; Cement foruniting metals; Cement for tightening joints of pipes exposed to a redheat | [241] |
| Cement for marble and alabaster; Glycerine and glycerine cements;Properties of commercial glycerine; Glycerine and litharge cement | [242] |
| Lime cements; Properties of lime and chalk; Cement for glass; Cementfor joiners; Cement for cracked clay crucibles and porcelain | [243] |
| Lime and glue cement; Gypsum cements; Preparation of plaster of Paris;Cement for plaster of Paris statues | [244] |
| Cement for glass and porcelain; Cement for iron and stone; Cements forporcelain; Universal plaster of Paris cement; Iron cements; Heat-resistingcement; Water and steam-proof cement; Cement for iron | [245] |
| Fire-proof cement for iron pipes; Cements resisting high temperatures;Cement for filling in defects in castings; Cement for cracked stove-plates,etc.; Cement for iron water-tanks; Cement for cracked iron pots | [246] |
| Black cement for stoves; Cements for chemical apparatus; Requirementsof such cements; Cement for small apparatus to be used for the developmentof fluoric acid | [247] |
| Linseed oil and clay cement; Linseed oil and manganese cement; Cementsresisting very high temperatures; Cement resisting acids; Rubbercement for chemical apparatus | [248] |
| Scheibler’s cement for chemical apparatus; Cements for special purposes;Cement for attaching metal letters to glass, marble, wood, etc.; Cementfor joints of iron pipes | [249] |
| Steam boiler cement; Cement for rubber; Cement for tires; Cement forsteam pipes, etc. | 250 |
| Cement for marble; Cement for attaching wood, glass, etc., to metal;Brushmaker’s cement; Cement for electrical apparatus | [251] |
| Jeweler’s cement; American cement for jewelers; Cement for celluloid;Stratena; Cement for cloth; How to use cements | [252] |
| Importance of bringing the cement into intimate contact with the surfaceto be united | [253] |
| Obstacles to the junction of any two surfaces; Importance of using aslittle cement as possible | [254] |
| Cleansing surfaces to be joined from grease and dirt; Paste and mucilages;Starch paste | [255] |
| Rules for preparing paste; Flour paste | [256] |
| Means to prevent the spoiling of paste | [257] |
| Shoemakers’ paste | [258] |
| Gum arabic and its properties; Dextrine and its use in place of gumarabic; Properties of commercial dextrine | [259] |
| Preparation of dextrine; Blumenthal’s method | [260] |
| Heuzé’s method; Tragacanth, or gum tragacanth; Pastes and mucilagesfor special purposes; Starch paste; Flour paste | [261] |
| Strong adhesive paste; Paste that will not sour; Venetian paste | [262] |
| Label paste; Elastic or pliable paste; Mucilage for labels; Mucilage | [263] |
| Mucilage for postage stamps; Caseine mucilage; Tragacanth mucilage;Adhesive paste; Fluid pastes | [264] |
| Sugar and lime paste; Liquid sugar and lime paste; Pastes for paper andfine fancy articles; Albumen paste | [265] |
| Glycerine paste; Paste for fixing labels on machines; Paste for mountingmaps; Paste for fastening paper on tin-foil; Paste for paper bags;Caseine mucilage for photographer’s use; Paste for scrap books | [266] |
| Paste for skins; Strong mucilage capable of fastening wood on china andglass; Dextrine mucilage; Paste for joining leather to pasteboard | [267] |
| Paste for attaching labels to polished nickel; Mucilage for attachinglabels to tin; Mucilage for office use; Glycerine paste for office use;Clean and durable paste | [268] |
| Banknote or mouth glue; Paste for cardboard; Paste for attaching clothor leather to table tops; Caseine mucilage; Very adhesive paste whichmay be used for wood and parchment | [269] |
| Paste for pads; Paste for fastening paper on tin-foil; Paste for attachinglabels to glass, porcelain and metal; Preparation of arabol-gum; Preparationof an adhesive substance from desaccharized beet-root slices | [270] |
| Index | [273] |