Arnold, Sir Edwin, [244], [245] (translation)
Aston, W. G., [30], [32], [186] (translation), [323] (translation)
Chamberlain, B.H. (translations), [95], [96], [97], [98], [120], [121], [127], [128],
[175], [313], [315], [316], [317], [323], [324]
Chiyo, [385]
Chōmei, [385]
Dickins, F. V., [154] (translation)
"Flower Dance" (of Bingo province), [383]
Hearn, Lafcadio, [108]
Isé, [384]
Japanese, From the, [177], [278]
Nonguchi, Yone, [82], [116], [130], [131], [169], [224]
Smith, R. Gordon, [337] (translation)
Walsh, Clara A., [105], (translations)[118], [149], [206], [216], [282], [326]
Yasuhide Bunya,[382]

[GLOSSARY AND INDEX]

THE PRONUNCIATION OF JAPANESE NAMES

"Remember, in pronouncing Japanese, that the consonants are to be sounded approximately as in English, the vowels as in Spanish or Italian; that is to say,

aas in'father.'
e"'pet.'
i"'pin.'
o"'pony.'
u"'full.'

"There is scarcely any tonic accent; in other words, all the syllables are pronounced equally, or nearly so. But particular care must be taken to distinguish long ō and ū. The short vowels are pronounced in a very light, staccato manner. Thus O tori nasai means 'Please take this'; but O tōri nasai means 'Please come [or go; lit., pass] in.' Short i and u sometimes become almost inaudible.... In diphthongs each vowel retains its original force. Thus:

ai as in the English word 'sky.'
au as in the English word 'cow.'
ei as in the English word 'hay.'

"g is hard, as in 'give,' never soft, as in 'gin'; but in Tōkyō and Eastern Japan it sounds like ng when in the middle of a word, exactly as in the English words 'singer,' 'springy' (not 'sing-ger,' 'spring-gy'). s is always sharp, as in 'mouse.' w is often omitted after k or g, as in kashi, 'cake,' for kwashi. Be very careful to pronounce double consonants really double, as in English words 'shot-tower,' 'meanness,' 'cockcrow.' Thus kite with one t means 'coming'; but kitte with two t's means 'a ticket'; ama is a nun, amma a shampooer."—Murray's Handbook for Japan, by B. H. Chamberlain and W. B. Mason.