REMARKS ON TIME
- About midnight, pen°-ya°-°po 半夜把.
- Just before daylight, thien-liang°-kwha° 天亮快.
- In the evening, waung-hwung-deu 黃昏頭, or waung-hwung-°doong 黃昏動.
- Last month, zien-nyoeh 前月, or zien kuh nyoeh 前個月.
- Next month, °‘au-nyoeh 下月, or °‘au kuh nyoeh 下個月.
- First part of the month, nyoeh deu 月頭, or nyoeh-deu-laung° 月頭上.
- The end of the month, nyoeh °ti 月底.
- The middle of the month, nyoeh-pen° 月半.
- Every month, nyoeh-nyoeh 月月, nyoeh-too 月多, or °’me-nyoeh 每月.
- First day of the month, tshoo-ih 初一; second day of the month, tshoo nyi° 初二, and so on up to the tenth day of the month, which is tshoo zeh. After that di° 第 is used instead of tshoo. Thus the thirteenth of the month would be di° zeh-san 第十三.
- A year, ih-nyien 一年.
- Half a year, pen°-nyien 半年.
- This year, kyung-nyien 今年.
- Last year, jeu°-nyien 舊年.
- Next year, khe-nyien 開年, le-nyien 來年, ming-nyien 明年.
- Every year, nyien-nyien 年年, each year, °’me-nyien 每年. (See note).
- The new year, sing-nyien 新年.
- New year’s day, nyien-tshoo-ih 年初一.
- The end of the year, nyien ya° 年夜, literally “the night of the year.” Also we have nyien-°ti 年底.
- At the beginning of the year, nyien-deu-laung° 年頭上.
- To pass from the old year to the new, koo° nyien 過年.
- °Zaung-pen° and °‘au-pen° are used with year, month, and night, just as they are used with day to denote the first half and the second half. Thus we have °zaung-pen°-nyien 上半年 for the first half of the year, and °‘au-pen°-nyien 下半年 for the second half.
- Rice (bought in the shop), °mi 米.
- Work, sang-wei 生活.
- Answer, we-sing° 回信.
- Beginning, °chi-deu 起頭.
- Again, tse° 再.
EXERCISES
(Translate into English)
- (1) Leh-la° nyoeh-pen°, nyoeh-liang° °ting °hau khoen°.
- (2) °Hoo-loo iau° °iung kwha° tse °soo-°i iau° ka-°thien me.
- (3) Tsau° °ngoo khoen°, di° kuh nyung °z khau°-’veh-dzu° kuh.
- (4) °Tsau-zung-deu nyih-deu tsheh le, ya°-kwha° lauh-san.
- (5) Di°-kuh °z °ngoo di° nyi° kuh nyi-°ts, deu ih kuh °i-kyung tsheh mung tse.
- (6) Nyien tshoo ih too-hau° nyung chi° pa° nyien.
- (7) Jeu° nyien °mi kyui°-le-°si, kyung nyien jang tse.
- (8) Noong° °‘a-°li-deu koo° nyien? °Ngoo °siang la° ok-°li koo° nyien.
- (9) Noong° su dok°-ts °kyi-z tse? Pih-koo° pen° nyien.
- (10) Nyien ya° nyung nyung °yeu z°-°thi, sing-nyien °li °loong-°tsoong nyung beh-siang°.
- (11) Yi tsiang-iau° chi° kuh z-‘eu° °yeu nyung le kyau° yi ’veh iau° chi°.
- (12) °Tshing zoo° ih hyih, sien-sang iau° le kwha° tse.
- (13) Thien-liang°-kwha° °z °ting °lang kuh z-‘eu°.
- (14) °‘Au kuh nyoeh °ngoo iau° tsheh mung, tau° Soo-tseu chi°.
- (15) Jeu°-nyien sang-i° ih ngan ’veh °hau kyung-nyien po-maung° yi °hau-°tien.
- (16) °Zaung-pen°-nyien di° kuh ‘auh-sang-°ts su dok le man °hau, °‘au-pen°-nyien ih ngan ’veh °hau.
- (17) I-zak vaung-°ts °kyi-z °khau-°i °zau °hau? °Ngoo °siang khe-nyien °khau-°i °zau °hau.
- (18) Lok nyoeh tshoo-san °ngoo °sia ih foong sing° peh la° yi, yien°-°dze °z tshih nyoeh tshoo-ih dan°-°z wan ’veh zung °yeu we-sing° le.
- (19) Noong° ’veh zung tsheh chi°, sang-weh iau° sien tsoo° °hau.
- (20) Nyoeh-deu laung° peh doong-dien, yien°-°dze ’veh °hau peh kuh.
- (一) 垃拉月半月亮頂好看.
- (二) 火爐要隱快哉所以要加添煤.
- (三) 照我看第個人是靠勿住個.
- (四) 早晨頭日頭出來夜快落山
- (五) 第個是我第二個兒子頭一個已經出門哉.
- (六) 年初一多化人去拜年.
- (七) 舊年米貴來死今年強哉.
- (八) 儂那裏頭過年? 我想拉屋裏過年.
- (九) 儂書讀之幾時哉? 必過半年.
- (十) 年夜人人有事體新年裏攏總人勃相.
- (十一) 伊將要去個時候有人來叫伊勿要去.
- (十二) 請坐一歇先生要來快哉.
- (十三) 天亮快是頂冾個時候.
- (十四) 下個月我要出門到蘇州去.
- (十五) 舊年生意一顔勿好今年把望伊好點.
- (十六) 上半年第個學生子書讀來蠻好下半年一顔勿好.
- (十七) 伊宅房子幾時可以造好? 我想開年可以造好.
- (十八) 六月初三我寫一封信撥拉伊現在是七月初一但是還勿曾有回信來.
- (十九) 儂勿曾出去生活要先做好.
- (二十) 月頭上撥銅錢現在勿好撥個.
(Translate into Chinese)
- (1) We will close the school on the fifth of next month.
- (2) For how many weeks will you close the school? For about six weeks.
- (3) Sometimes in the evening as the sun is sinking there are many beautiful colours in the sky.
- (4) As it appears to me you can finish this book in six months.
- (5) Just as I was about to go to sleep, I heard some one call out that the house was on fire.
- (6) The thief enters about midnight.
- (7) Before you go to school you should first wash your face and hands.
- (8) On the first day of the year all the shops close their doors.
- (9) When will you begin to study Chinese again? I think next year.
- (10) A year has twelve months, a month has thirty days or twenty-nine days. If it has thirty days, it is called a large month; if it has twenty-nine days, it is called a small month.
- (11) Last month I was sick, but now I am better.
- (12) Where were you yesterday afternoon? I had gone out to pay New Year’s calls.
- (13) At New Year’s time every one wears their best clothes.
- (14) Now I have no money; I will pay you at the end of the month.
- (一) 下個月初五伲要放學.
- (二) 放之幾個禮拜? 約酌六個禮拜.
- (三) 拉夜快日頭落山個時候常時拉天上有多化趣個顔色.
- (四) 照我看第本書儂六個月功夫可以讀完.
- (五) 我貼準要困個時候聽見人喊房子火着哉.
- (六) 賊進來是半夜把個時候.
- (七) 儂勿曾到學堂裏先要揩面佬淨手.
- (八) 拉年初一攏總個店全關門個.
- (九) 儂幾時再起頭讀中國書? 我想開年起頭.
- (十) 一年有十二個月一個月或者有三十日或者有念九日, 若然三十日是叫大月若然念九日是叫小月.
- (十一) 前個月我生病哉但是現在我好點.
- (十二) 昨日下半日儂拉那裏頭? 我出去拜年哉.
- (十三) 垃拉新年裏各人着頂好看個衣裳.
- (十四) 現在無沒銅錢垃拉月底撥儂.
Notes.