The Story of Extinct Civilizations of the West

by F.A.S. M.A. Robert E. Anderson

When
Did Doom, though lame, not bide its time,
To clutch the nape of skulking Crime?

W. E. Gladstone.

GENERAL INDEX.

• A.
• Agathocles, [119].
• Agassiz, [73].
• Alfred, King, [19].
• Almagro, Pizarro's rival, [186], [189].
• Alvarado, [158], [159].
• America, Discoveries of, [19]-[35], [38]-[45], [48]-[53].
• America, origin of the name, [50].
• American Archeology, [71]-[79] (see also Aztec, Peru, Civilization).
• Amerigo (Americus), (see Vespucci).
• Anahuac, [56], [58], [63].
• Archeology, [71]-[88] (see under Aztec, Mexico, Peru, and Civilization, Extinct).
• Aristotle, shape of the earth, [10].
• Arthur, King, [19].
• Atahualpa, Inca, [187], [188].
• Atlantic, ridge, [15].
• Atlantis, island or continent, [14], [15].
• Avalon, [17].
• Aztecs, their traditions, [54], [56], [57], [62], [63].
• Aztecs, antiquities, [55].
• Aztecs, kingdom, [58];
• empire founded, [76].
• Aztecs, letters, etc., [58], [79]-[82].
• Aztecs, astronomy, [64], [65], [68], [83].
• Aztecs, human sacrifices, [59], [60], [62], [102], [106];
• how explained by comparison with Jews, Greeks, Druids, etc., [100]-[106].
• Aztecs, priesthood, [65], [67].
• Aztecs, religion, [92], [93];
• laws, [90].
• Aztecs, natural piety, [66]-[68].
• Aztecs, secular festival, [68]-[70].
• Aztecs, soldiery, [91], [92].
• Aztecs, agriculture, [94].
• Aztecs, markets, [97], [147].
• Aztecs, banquets, social amusements, [97], [99].
• Aztlan, [56].
• B.
• Bacon, Roger, [18].
• Bahamas, [41].
• Balboa, [9], [50], [52], [164], [168].
• Balboa scheme—adopted by Pizarro, [186].
• Balboa hears of the Land of Gold, [165].
• Balboa crosses the isthmus, [166], [167].
• Balboa unjustly treated, [167], [168].
• Barcelona, Columbus honored at Court, [45].
• Basque Discovery, [32].
• Boston in Vinland, [26], [182].
• Brandan, St. discoverer, [32].
• Brito, ship-canal, [172].
• Buccaneers, origin, etc., [169], [170].
• Buffon, [15].
• Burgos, Bishop of, [157], [168].
• C.
• Cabot, [38], [48], [49].
• Cabrera reaches Brazil, [49].
• Cakama, prince of Tezcuco, [154].
• Calendar Stone, [83], [84].
• Calicut reached by Gama, [49].
• Canaanites, etc., sun-worship, [102], [103].
• Cannibalism, [102], [103].
• Capac, Inca, [182], [187].
• Carthage, [17], [102].
• Cathay, [39], [43], [45].
• Cazique, [43], [117], etc.
• Celtic discoveries, [19], [30]-[32].
• Chalco, Lake, [136], [137].
• Charles V. and Cortés, [164].
• Chiapas, [77].
• Chibchas, [85].
• Cholula, [84], [94], [130], [133].
• Civilization, Extinct, chaps, iii, ix.
• Civilization, Celtic, [19].
• Civilization, Norse, [19]-[25], [27]-[31].
• Civilization, Aztec, etc., [54]-[70], [82], [83].
• Civilization, Peru, [172]-[185].
• Colon (see Columbus);
• also an Atlantic port on the isthmus of Darien, [172].
• Columbia, [76], [85].
• Columbus, [17]-[18], [37], [38]-[46], [157].
• Columbus, early failures, [39].
• Columbus, voyage to Iceland, [39].
• Columbus, variation of the compass, [41], [42], [49].
• Columbus, discovers Bahamas, Cuba, Hayti, [42]-[44].
• Columbus, discovers Trinidad and Orinoco, [45].
• Columbus, map by (found in 1894), [42].
• Columbus, autograph (cut) and epitaph, [46].
• Columbus, Ferdinand, [18];
• Bartholomew, [43].
• Columbus, Diego, [47], [157].
• Continent, supposed southern (cut), [12].
• Continent, Western, [13] (see Atlantis, Hesperides).
• Condor, emblem of prehistoric Inca, [173], [175] (cuts).
• Copan, [79]-[81].
• Cordova lands on Yucatan, [53].
• Cortés appointed leader, [53], [64], [77], [80].
• Cortés at Cuba and Hayti, [117].
• Cortés at Yucatan, [109].
• Cortés and Teuhtile, in, [112].
• Cortés, generalship, [119], [124], [126], [159].
• Cortés, resource, [127], [128], [158].
• Cortés, cruelty, [129], [132], [153].
• Cortés at Popocatepetl, [133].
• Cortés and Montezuma, [141], [143]-[143].
• Cortés, lack of delicacy, [152].
• Cortés, arrest of Montezuma, [152]-[157].
• Cortés, personal courage, [162].
• Cortés, retreat, "Night of Sorrows," [163].
• Cortés, Mexico retaken and its emperor hanged, [164].
• Cortés and Charles V., [164].
• Cliff-houses, [86].
• Cotton, Az. tec., preparation of, [84], [96].
• Cromwell, his influence, [170].
• Cruz, Vera, [110], [114], [120], [156], [157], [163].
• Cuba, [43]-[45], [51]-[53], [84].
• Culhua, [110].
• Cuzco, [174], [176], [181], [183], [188].
• Cuzco, Cyclopean remains, [181], [183].
• Cuzco, temple, [183].
• Cyclopean ruins in Peru, [173], [178], [181]-[183].
• Cyclopean ruins in Peru (cuts), [173], [175].
• D.
• Dalrymple, Sir John, [169], [170].
• Dampier, buccaneer, [170].
• Darien, taken by Balboa, [169].
• Darien, Scottish Expedition, [169].
• Darien, causes of failure, [169], [170].
• Darien, crossed by Morgan, [170], [171].
• Darien, crossed by Dampier, [171].
• Diaz, navigator, rounds the Cape of Good Hope and names it the "Stormy Cape," [49].
• Diaz, historian, quoted, [148], [151], [158], [160].
• Dighton Stone, [28] (cuts, [27], [28]).
• Diodorus Siculus, [16].
• Druid Sacrifices, [106].
• "Druidic," [74], [177], [178].
• E.
• Edward VI and Cabot, [48].
• Elysian Fields, [13], [14], [16].
• Erik the Red, [20].
• Escobar, [162].
• Euripides, quoted, [14].
• F.
• Feather-work, [84], [96].
• Ferdinand and Isabella, [40], [41].
• Feudalism ended, [36].
• G.
• Gama, De, [38], [58].
• Gardens, [138], [139].
• Glazier, Theory, [73]-[74].
• Gladstone quoted, [189].
• Gosnold's Expedition, [25], [26].
• Greenland, [19]-[25], [30], [31].
• Grijalva and Yucatan, [10], [53].
• Guatemala, [58], [76], [79].
• Guatimozin, [163].
• Gunnbiorn, [20].
• H.
• Hannibal on the Alps, [134], [135].
• Harold Fair-hair, [20].
• Hatuey, [51], [52].
• Hayti, [43], [98].
• Helluland (Newfoundland), [22].
• Henry VII., [48], [49].
• Hercules' Pillars, [13], [17].
• Herodotus, [10], [11].
• Hesiod, quoted, [13].
• Hesperides, Isles of the Blest, [14].
• Homer, quoted, [10], [13].
• Honduras, [76], [79].
• Huitzilopochtli, god of battles, [93], [94], [150], [151] (see Mexitl.)
• Humboldt, [35], [50], [65], [73], [83], [94].
• I.
• Iceland, [19], [20].
• Incas, [172], [182] (see Peru).
• "Indian," as a term applied to the New World by mistake, a blunder still perpetuated, [42] (cf. [98].)
• Indians, "Red-skins," [72]-[74], [80], [90].
• Ingolf, [19].
• Iphigenia, [104].
• Ireland, Mickle, [20], [31], [32].
• Italian Discovery, [34]-[36].
• Itztli (obsidian), used as a sharp flint, [95].
• Iztapalapan, [138].
• J.
• Jamaica, [170].
• Jewish "Discovery," [33].
• Juan, S., ship-canal, [172].
• K.
• Katortuk (Greenland), [21], [22] (cut, [21]).
• Kingsborough, Lord, [34], [69], [82].
• L.
• Leif Erikson, [21]-[23].
• Lesseps de, [171]-[173].
• Loadstone, [41], [42].
• Longfellow, quoted, [29].
• Lucian, quoted, [17].
• M.
• Madoc, [32], [33], [70].
• Magellan reaches the Pacific Ocean and names it, [49];
• killed at Matan, [50].
• Magnetic Pole, [41].
• Maguey plant, its singular value, [94].
• Major, Mr., on Pre-Columbian discoveries of America, and site of the Greenland colonies, [35], [36].
• Malte-Brun, [35].
• Marina, "slave-interpreter," [109], [115], [128], [131].
• Markham, Sir C., quoted, [30], [174], [179], [183].
• Markland (Nova Scotia), [22].
• Marvels, Age of, [38], [39].
• Maya, Mayapan, [76], [79].
• Maya, MS., [81], [82].
• Maya, trade, [84].
• Mayflower lands in Vinland, [26].
• Medea, [18], [104].
• Merida, [78].
• Mexico, Mexicans (see also Aztecs).
• Mexico, archeology, [72]-[86].
• Mexico, geography, [89], [90], [133]-[135].
• Mexico, valley, [134], [135].
• Mexico, town, [139], [142], [145]-[151].
• Mexico, wealth, [155].
• Mexico, siege, [160]-[164].
• Mexico, ferocity in war, [160]-[164].
• Mexitl, the god of battles, another name for Huitzilopochtli, [93].
• Monolith (cuts), [173], [175].
• Montezuma I., [57].
• Montezuma, [110]-[113].
• Montezuma, meaning of name, [113].
• Montezuma, power, [120], [121], [135], [141].
• Montezuma, affability, [144].
• Montezuma, dress, etc., [161].
• Montezuma, death, [162].
• Montgomery, James, [20], [22], [23].
• Morgan, buccaneer, [170].
• Mound builders, [31], [71], [85].
• Müller, Max, quoted, [56].
• N.
• Narvaez, [158], [159].
• Nicaragua, ship-canal, [58], [172].
• Norse Discovery, [19]-[32].
• Norse towns in Greenland, [20].
• Norumbega, [25].
• O.
• Ocean, Western, [12], [16], [17].
• Ocean, Southern, first name for the Atlantic (q.v.)
• Oceanus, river, [10].
• Ogygia, [16].
• Ollantay, Peru, [174], [176].
• Orinoco, discovered, [45].
• Orizaba, [120].
• Overland Route, [37].
• P.
• Pacific, first seen, [166].
• Pacific, first sailed upon, [50].
• Palenque, [77], [79], [81].
• Palos, [41], [45].
• Panama, [166], [171], [172].
• Panama, modern, [171].
• Paper (prehistoric) of Mexico, [82].
• Pedrarias, [167], [168].
• Peru and Incas, chaps. ix., x.
• Peru agriculture, [182], [185].
• Peru aqueducts, roads, etc., [177].
• Peru archeology, [172]-[182].
• Peru architecture, [87], [172]-[178].
• Peru calendar, [184], [185].
• Peru chulpas, [87] (cut).
• Peru quipu, [180] (cut).
• Peru sculpture and pottery, [178].
• Peru history and religion, [182].
• Phenicians, [11], [17].
• Pictograph, [80], [112].
• Pindar, quoted, [13].
• Pizarro, [164], [167].
• Pizarro and Atahualpha, [187], [188].
• Pizarro and Peru, [186]-[189].
• Pizarro, first and second voyages, [186], [187].
• Pizarro imitated Balboa, [165], [186].
• Pizarro invades Peru, [187].
• Pizarro, his treachery and cruelty, [188], [189].
• Pizarro at Cusco, [188].
• Pizarro founds Lima, [188].
• Pizarro, "Doom" at last, [189].
• Plato, [14], [15].
• Plutarch, [16].
• Polo, Marco, [39], [43].
• Polyxena, [104].
• Popocatepetl, [133], [134].
• Ptolemy, [11], [39].
• Pythagorean theory, [10].
• Q.
• Quetzalcoatl, [84], [93], [94], [111], [113], [130], [152].
• Quipu, [180], [181] (cut, [180]).
• R.
• Rafn, [28], [29], [31].
• Raymi, Peruvian festival, [184], [185].
• Renascence, [9], [36], [37].
• Renascence influence on travel and exploration, [38].
• Renascence assisted the Reformation, [37].
• Runes in Greenland, [27], [28].
• S.
• Sebastian, Magellan's Basque lieutenant, [33], [50].
• Seneca, [18], [19] (title-page).
• "Scraelings," Vinland, [23].
• "Skeleton in Armor," [29].
• Spain, how consolidated, [37], [106].
• Spain, close of its colonial history, [52].
• Squier, quoted, [176], [181].
• T.
• Tambos, Peru, [185].
• Tehuantepec, isthmus, [171].
• Tenochtitlan, Mexico, [57].
• Teocalli, [106], [117], [148]-[151], [156] (cut, [105]).
• Tezcatlipoca, god of youth, [61].
• Tezcuco, eastern capital, Mexico, [56].
• Tezcuco, [56], [57], [136].
• Tezcuco, king of, [100].
• Tezcuco, lake, [139]-[140].
• Thorfinn, [23].
• Thorwaldsen, [23].
• Titicaca, lake, [71], [182].
• Titicaca (see Cyclopean ruins), [174], [175].
• Tlaloc, god of rain, [63].
• Tlascala, [113], [121]-[127], [130], [153], [159], [163].
• Tlascala, people, and siege, [130], [133].
• Toltecs, [56], [71].
• Totonacs, [115].
• Trinidad, [45].
• Tula, [56].
• Tumbez, Peru, [186].
• Turks, causing civilization, [36], [38].
• U.
• Utatla, [79].
• Uxmal, [55], [76] (frontispiece).
• V.
• Valladolid, [46].
• Velasquez, [51]-[53], [107], [108], [158].
• Vesper, [14] (see Hesperides).
• Vespucci, [49], [51], [52].
• Vinland (New England), [23], [25].
• Vinland, map of, [24].
• Voltaire, story of Cortés, [164].
• W.
• Waldseemüller, [50].
• Watling's Island, [42].
• Welsh Discovery, [32], [33].
• William III. and Darien Scheme, [168]-[169].
• Wilson, "Prehistoric Man," [26], [81].
• World, shape of, [9]-[11].
• X.
• Xalapa, [120].
• Xicotencatl, Tlascalan, [124], [126], [127]-[130].
• Xicotencatl appearance, [129].
• Y.
• Yochicalco, [86].
• Yucatan, [53], [54], [75]-[77].
• Z.
• Zempoalla, "conversion of," [116].
• Zempoalla, [119], [158], [159].
• Zeni, Italian brothers, [34]-[35].
• Zeno map, [34], [35].
• Zipango (Japan), [39], [45].
• Zodiac, comparative, [55].
• Zodiac (cut) from a tomb at Cusco, [182].

FOOTNOTES

[1] Tom Jones, xvi. chap. 2, 3, etc.

[2] Prof. R. B. Anderson says, "The basin of the Charles River should be selected as the most probable scene of the visits of Leif Erikson, etc." [v. map.]

[3] As to the Irish claim for the pre-Columbian discovery of America, see also Humboldt (Cosmos, ii, 607), and Laing (Heimsk., i, 186).

[4] MS. Book of Lismore.

[5] The story is given by Humboldt and D'Avezac.