Watch the barometer changes—the clouds—the wind, and its changes, whether veering, or hauling.
Important. Know the sailing ship routes—study the pilot charts—and always remember the possible speed and condition of sail, whether on the wind, or free, of sailing vessels that are liable to be met with in your vicinity.
Night Orders. The night order book contains two sets of orders:
THE STANDING ORDERS
A. Before taking charge make yourself thoroughly familiar with the position of the ship with reference to vessels in sight, any land or shoals or rocks that may be near; with the general condition of the weather, speed, revolutions, sail, if any is set, awnings, boats swung out, running lights, and the orders of the Captain for the night.
B. Make no change in the course—unless instructed to do so by the night orders, without obtaining the permission of the Captain—unless it is necessary to avoid immediate danger. Then report promptly to the Captain—by messenger or telephone.
C. Make no change in the speed, unless as directed by the night orders, or to avoid collision.
D. Report promptly to the Captain all lights upon the shore; discolored water; unusual weather conditions; and report all vessels sighted and their nature, when this can be determined. (At night, it is not usual to report every steamer passed.)
E. When in doubt about anything affecting the safety of the vessel, call the Captain at once.