[99]. Mahaffy, Gk. World, p. 100.
[100]. Mahaffy, ibid. p. 225.
[101]. Ramsay, Cities, etc., I. p. 9.
[102]. Ramsay, Cities, etc., I. p. 87.
[103]. Ramsay, ibid. I. p. 92.
[104]. Ramsay, ibid. I. pp. 93, 94. The Galli or priests of Cybele, who mutilated themselves in religious ecstasy, seem to have been the feature of Anatolian religion which most struck the Romans, when the statue of the Mother of the Gods first appeared among them. Cf. next page. For the other side of the religion, see Lucian, de Dea Syria, cc. VI., XLIII., and Apuleius, Metamorph. Bk VIII. c. 29.
[105]. As in the hymn to Attis said to have been sung in the Great Mysteries, given in the Philosophumena (see p. [54], infra). Cf. Ramsay, Cities, etc., I. pp. 132, 263, 264, for other identifications. The Anatolian name of the Dea Syria to whose cult Nero was addicted, was Atargatis, which Prof. Garstang would derive from the Babylonian Ishtar (Strong, Syrian Goddess, 1913, p. vii); see Cumont, Les Religions Orientales dans le Paganisme Romain, Paris, 1906, p. 126. The whole of Cumont’s chapters on Syria and Asia Minor (op. cit. pp. 57-89) can be consulted with advantage. The American edition, 1911, contains some additional notes. See, too, Decharme’s article on Cybele in Daremberg and Saglio’s Dict. des Antiq.
[106]. Dill, Nero to Marcus Aurelius, pp. 548 sqq.
[107]. See n. 1, supra; Suetonius, Nero, c. LVI.
[108]. Dill, loc. cit., and authorities there quoted.