5. dederit. See the note on 19, 22.
9. quó in locó. See the note on 11, 25. essent. See the note on 21, 22.
10. sibi, the indirect reflexive.
12. et … et, 'both … and.'
18. prógredí, 'from proceeding.'
19. prohibébant, 'attempted to prevent,' imperfect of attempted action. Notice that the use of the imperfect to express customary, repeated, or attempted action follows naturally from its use to denote action going on in past time. The present, the tense which denotes action going on in present time, has the same special uses.
20. barbarí. This word was used by the Greeks of all other peoples; by the Romans it was used of all but the Greeks and themselves.
24. cecidérunt. Let the quantity of the i tell you whether this comes from cadó or caedó. Is occíderint a compound of cadó or caedó?
25. in tálibus rébus, i.e. when a god intervenes in behalf of his favorite.
26. nihil incommodí, 'no harm,' literally 'nothing of harm'; incommodí is partitive genitive.