| CHAPTER XVII. |
|---|
| Various Inventions. |
|---|
| Stone-crushing mill, 1804--Portable puffer, 1805--Staffordshirepotteries--Engine for South America--Diversity of steamappliance--Numerous high-pressure engines--West India Docklocomotive--Engines at Newcastle--Blacklead lubricator--Engines inWales--Mine engines on wheels, 1804--Engines in London--Engines to besold in market towns--Blast-furnaces--Aërated steam-boiler--St. IvesBreakwater--Dolcoath blast copper furnace--Davies Gilbert's opinion ofthe aërated steam-boiler--Trevithick's advice to a brewer--Agriculturalengines--West India engines--Thrashing engine--Horizontalengines--Expansive steam--Cold surface condenser--Air-pump--Expansivecam--Fire-bars--Comparison with Watt's engine--Stone-boring engine,1813--Plymouth Breakwater, reduction in cost--Locomotive engine,1813--Stone splitting--New method of stone boring, 1813--Screw bit,1813--Falmouth Harbour--Exeter Bridge--Engine at Lima--Proposed trainfrom Buenos Ayres to Lima--West India portable engine | [1]-35 |
| CHAPTER XVIII. |
|---|
| Agricultural Engines; Loss of Papers. |
|---|
| Sir Christopher Hawkins's thrashing machine, 1812--Report of threewise men--Cost of horse and steam power--Wheal Liberty engine--SirJohn Sinclair and the Board of Agriculture--Cost of engine--Power ofengine--Welsh locomotive--Trevithick on steam agriculture--West Indiesengine--Horse-power--Trevithick on patents--Engines in charge oflabourers--Teapot--Detail of agricultural engine--Lord Dedunstanville'sthrashing machine--Plymouth Breakwater locomotive--Wheal Prosperengine--Wheal Alfred engine--Steam-plough--Cultivation ofcommons--Combined steam-tormentor, narrower, and shoveller--Mr.Rendal's thrashing machine--Cost and work performed by thrashingengines--Their durability--Bridgenorth engine--Trevithick's drawingslight the tires | [36]-68 |
| CHAPTER XIX. |
|---|
| Pole Steam-engine. |
|---|
| Return to Cornwall, 1810--Wheal Prosper pole vacuum engine,1811--Cylindrical boilers, 1811--Steam pressure, 100 lbs.--Dutyof engine, 40 millions--Expansive working, 1811--Herlandhigh-pressure pole puffer, 1815--Steam pressure, 150 lbs.--Boilermaking--Comparison with Watt's engine--Blue-fire--Steam--Patentspecification--Steam-ring stuffing box--Engines in Lima--A 33-inchpole-puffer more powerful than a 72-inch Watt engine--Descriptionof pole engine and boilers--Trevithick's calculation--Trial ofHerland engines--Steam-cushion--Power of the pole-engine--Defectiveworkmanship--Sims examines the pole-engine--Opposition fromshareholders--Defective boilers--Challenge to Woolf--DaviesGiddy's opinion--First cost, and cost of working one-third ofthe Watt engine--Meeting of opposing shareholders--Duty of thehigh-pressure steam pole puffer-engine, 1816--Comparison with the Wattengine--Combined high-pressure pole and cylinder for expansion--WhealAlfred Watt engine converted to high pressure--Wheal Chance combinedengine--Mr. Michael Williams's opinion--Woolf and Trevithick | [69]-113 |
| CHAPTER XX. |
|---|
| The Watt and the Trevithick Engines at Dolcoath. |
|---|
| Early steam-engines--Semicircular boiler, 1775, net power 7 lbs. on theinch--Watt's statement in 1777--Engines in Dolcoath--Watt's engine,1778--Watt's engine at Herland, 1798--Trevithick's tubular boiler,1799--Reconstruction of the Carloose 45-inch, 1799--Gross and netpower of engines--Comparison of Newcomen, Watt, and Trevithick engines--Boilerexplosion, 1803--Strong rivalry with Watt--Locomotiveat Coalbrookdale, 1803--Watt's proposed locomotive--Competition inWales--Numerous high-pressure engines, 1803--Patent difficulty--Watt'sopposition, 1804--Government inquiry--Competitive trials inWales--Tramway locomotive, 1804--The bet--Opposition because ofsaving of labour--Worcester engine--West India Docks engine--High-pressuresteam condensing engines--One or two cylinders for expansion--Sirhoweyboilers--Mr. Homfray's opinion of the Watt opposition--Mr.Whitehead makes engines in Manchester--Cylindrical tubular boiler inWales for large engines, 1805--Watt contests at Dolcoath, 1805--Steam-blast--Superiorityof high-pressure whim-engines--Proposed boiler forthe large pumping engine, 1806--Steam pressure--The Watt boiler--Comparisonof size of fire-place and coal used--Dredger contract--Theoryof steam--Trevithick's Dolcoath boiler when applied to the Watt engine,with expansive gear, to save 300l. monthly, 1806--Momentum of pumpingengine--Continued tests of high and low pressure whim-engines at Dolcoath--Wattengine put aside, 1806--High-pressure engines ordered, 1806--High-pressurepumping engine for Wheal Abraham, 1806--Disputed patentright--Expansion reduces heat--Boiler for the Watt 63-inch engine,1806--Cost of Trevithick's boiler--Advantage of small tubes in boilers--TrinityBoard--Watt's steam-cylinder unsuitable for high steam, 1806--Sims'trial of engines--Little fight--Tubular boilers, 1806--High-pressuresteam pumping engines, 1818--Reporter of engines--Applicationto Government, 1810--Dolcoath engines and boilers--High steamto the Watt engine--Duty of engines, 1812--Watt's boiler thrown out--Expansivevalve--Dolcoath manager--Saving by boilers and expansiveworking, 1812--Lean's reports--Increased duty of the three old Dolcoathengines, 1814--76-inch engine, 1816--80,000l. a year saved--Durabilityof engine--Its removal--Cylindrical boilers--Hornblower andWatt engines--Davies Gilbert's report, 1798--Lean's report, 1816--Watt'sviews of expansive working--Watt's steam of 1 or 2 lbs. to theinch--Pole's statement--Engine at Marazion, 1804--Woolf in Cornwall--Rees'Cyclopædia--'Encyclopædia Britannica'--Application toParliament--Wheal Towan--Newcomen and Watt engines--Pompe-à-feu'La Belle Machine,' Dolcoath | [114]-194 |
| CHAPTER XXI. |
|---|
| Engines for South America. |
|---|
| Engines for Lima, 1813--Uville's application to Watt--High-pressuremodel--Cerro de Pasco mines--Uville's return in search ofTrevithick--Engines ordered--Pump-work--Modern pumping engines--Moneydifficulty--Weight of pieces--'Sanspareil' of 1813--Expansiveworking--Quartz crusher--Locomotive for South America, 1813--Sketchof winding engine--Their simplicity of form--Power and cost ofengines--Trevarthen and Bull to accompany the engines--A thirdman recommended--Boilers put together at Cerro de Pasco--Uville'sarrest--Trevithick a shareholder--Vivian's application--Departure ofmachinery, 1814--Uville's agreement--Invoice of engines sent | [195]-220 |
| CHAPTER XXII. |
|---|
| Peru. |
|---|
| Agreement for working the Peruvian mines, 1812--Uville andWatt, 1811--Uville and Trevithick, 1813--Uville's opinion ofTrevithick--Estimated value of the mines--Machinery reached Peru,1815--Trevithick's departure from Penzance, 1816--Mr. Edmond'sstatement--Cerro de Pasco mines in 1850--Report from the Viceroy ofPeru, 1816--Report from the Magisterial Deputation of Yauricocha,1816--Despatch from the Governor of the Province of Tarma,1816--Pumping engines at work--The Viceroy's reply--Report in the'Lima Gazette,' 1816--Trevithick's reception at Lima--Trevithick'sreport, 1817--Differences between Trevithick and Uville--Trevithick'sthoughtless acts--His visit to the nunnery--The Lord Warden proposedto erect a statue in silver to Trevithick--Bust of Trevithickin Cornwall--Quicksilver--Sunk ship--Chili--Copper and silvermine--Departure from Lima--Cerro de Pasco mines | [221]-259 |
| CHAPTER XXIII. |
|---|
| Costa Rica. |
|---|
| Gerard at Punta de Arenas, in the Pacific, in 1822--NicolasCastro worked a gold mine, 1821--Alverado's ore-grinding machine,1822--Climate of Costa Rica--Mines in the Cordillera--Canalfrom the river Machuca to Quebrada-honda--Castro's mine--PadreArias, or the Priest's mine--Trevithick and Gerard's proposalfor iron railroads, &c., for the mines of Costa Rica, 1827--Newline of road from San Juan, on the Atlantic, to the Costa Ricamines--Serapique River navigable--Trevithick's diary--A mule trackeasily constructed--Comparative distance to the mines from thehead of the Serapique on the Atlantic, and Punta de Arenas on thePacific--Trevithick nearly drowned in the Serapique--Nearly starvedbefore reaching San Juan--Performs a surgical operation--Designedthe locomotive between breakfast and dinner--Robert Stephenson andTrevithick at Carthagena--Nearly drowned in the Magdalena--Saved by Mr.Bruce Napier Hall--Trevithick nursed Robert Stephenson | [260]-275 |
| CHAPTER XXIV. |
|---|
| Return to England. |
|---|
| Bodmin School, 1827--Cube root--Trevithick's reception--Saving inCornish mines--Model gun--Gerard's return, 1827--His meeting RobertStephenson--His remarks on Costa Rica--Montelegre's search for a betterline of road--Mr. M. Williams's proposal--Change of Ministry, and thegun-carriage--Model of iron packet-ship and engine--Robert Stephenson'sremarks on mining--Trevithick's rejection of purchase-money | [276]-283 |
| CHAPTER XXV. |
|---|
| Gun-carriage--Iron Ships--Hydraulic Crane--Ice Making--Drainageof Holland--Chain-pump--Open-top Cylinder--Hayle Harbour--PatentRights--Petition to Parliament. |
|---|
| Trevithick's description of gun-carriage and iron ship--Selectcommittee--Glasgow iron-ship builders--Trevithick's comparison ofgunpowder and steam--Cranes worked by air or water--Artificialcold--Liberality--Holland--Drainage--Dredging--ZuyderZee--Hydraulic crane--Dutch pumping engine--Chain-pump--HaarlemLake--Rhine--Windmills--Hayle Harbour--Disputed pole-enginepatent right--Petition to Parliament, 1828--Marine boilers--Steampressure--Engine duty--Lords of the Treasury refuse thepetition--Davies Gilbert's views--Marine compound engine of 1871 | [284]-314 |
| CHAPTER XXVI. |
|---|
| Tubular Boiler--Superheating Steam--Surface Condenser. |
|---|
| Binner Downs engine, 1828--Fires around cylinder andsteam-pipes--Saving of coal--Surface condensation at sea--Superheatingtubes--Used steam returned to the boiler, 1828--Holland pumpingengine--Woolf at the Consolidated Mines--Laws of steam--Powerof heat from 1 lb. of coal--Loss of heat--Experiments at BinnerDowns--Surface condensation--Partial surface condensation for shipsor railways--Effect of superheating--Watt's theory doubted--WhealTowan and other engines--Loss of heat--Injection-water--Surfacecondensation and superheating--Partial condensation engine--Dutyof chain pumping engine--Surface condensation by cold water orair--Results of the experiment--Hayle Harbour--Condenser of coppertubes, 1829--Suitability for steam-ships--Proposal to erect at his ownexpense a marine engine with surface condenser and screw-propellerfor the instruction of the Admiralty, 1830.--Sketch of tubular boilerand surface-air condenser--Screw draught--Preservation of heat incondensing by air--Comptroller of the Navy--Patent of 1831--Boilerwithin the condenser--Surface condensation by air or water--Safetyboiler of concentric tubes--Blowing vessel for air condensationand draught--Tubes for distilling water--Steam pressure--Expansiveworking--Robert Stephenson's statement--'Echo' steamboat,1831--Bottle-neck boiler--Admiralty--Steam Users' Association--Mr.Alexander Crichton's boiler and surface condenser--Captain Dick andCaptain Andrew--Captain King and the 'Echo' | [315]-362 |
| CHAPTER XXVII. |
|---|
| Heating Apparatus--Marine Steam-engines--Reform Column. |
|---|
| Ill health, 1830--Hot-house boiler--Heating rooms--Dischargingcoal-ships by steam--Hot-water stoves for France--Patent for heatingapparatus, 1831--Marine portable engines--Boat propeller--WhealTowan--Discharging coal by steam at Hayle--Proposal to the CommonCouncil of London--Every vessel to carry a steam-engine--Mr. GeorgeRennie--Proposal to the Admiralty--Surface condensation--Locomotivessupplying their own feed-water--Petition in Trevithick'sfavour--Davies Gilbert's suggestion--His comparison of the Wattand Trevithick engines--Maudslay on Trevithick's proposals--Patentof 1832--Superheating steam--Cylinder placed in flue fromboiler--Expansive steam--Tubular boiler--Water propulsion--Superheatingand surface condensation for locomotives--Detail of engine--Proposalto send steamboats to Buenos Ayres--Waterwitch Company--Messrs.Hall and Sons--Hall's condenser--Rennie and the Admiralty--'Syria'steamboat--Compound engines--Watt on high-pressure steam--Trevithickon compound engines--Tubular boiler and variable blast-pipe--Refusalof Trevithick's petition to Government--Ill health--DaviesGilbert's statement to Spring Rice--Meeting on proposed ReformColumn--Trevithick's description--Means of ascent and descent--Placedbefore the King--Death--Funeral--His last letter | [363]-396 |