Fig. 113. Slip Joint and Universal
Universal joints were designed to transmit power from one shaft to another at constantly changing angles. An automobile engine cannot be hung at the low level required to allow straight line drive, as it would have to be carried from six to eight inches lower than it is in present construction, and this would allow very little road clearance if any. And as the rear axle receives the power transmitted to it at a constantly changing level due to torque and spring action, it is necessary to have a flexible coupling on the propeller shaft between the engine and the rear axle to prevent the gears and bearings from being damaged from distortion.
Universal joints are made of the best steel or bronze, do not require any adjusting, and will outlast the life of a car, providing they are not driven at too great an angle, and are kept well lubricated. A metal shell or leather boot is fitted to the joint to carry and provide constant lubrication. This boot or container should be kept well-packed with a heavy oil, (600-W steam oil, Whitemore’s compound or a light graphite grease).
No 3001
No 3004
No 3003
No 3002
No 3006
No 3007
No 3008
No 3005
No 3009
No 3010
No 3011
Fig. 114. Universal-Joint Construction Diagram
Remove the oil plug every thirty days and pack the housing. Use a dope or oil gun to force in the lubricant. The housing should be subjected to regular inspections quite frequently as the lubricant often escapes from the end boot due to distortion and wear.
[Fig. 113] shows the rigid construction of a heavy duty universal joint and slip joint. The ends of the shafts are yoked and fitted to a swivel cross block; the leather boot follows the angle of the shaft and makes the housing oil tight.
[Fig. 114] shows a sectional view of the “Standard” universal joint, manufactured by the Universal Machine Co., of Bowling Green, Ohio. The left-hand cut shows the forward section and tapered shaft seat. This joint gives a combined universal action and slip on a two inch square. All points are concentric and always in balance. The bearings are provided with grooves and holes for lubrication. A metal and leather boot is also provided for protection, and as a grease retainer. And owing to the flange type there are but four bolts to remove in order to disassemble this joint.
The names of the various parts are given according to corresponding numbers.