[Above 40° N.]
| Red or Soft Maple (Acer rubrum) | April. |
| Alders (Alnus) | April. |
| Elm (Ulmus) | April. |
| Willows (Salix) | Apr.-May. |
| Dandelion (Taraxacum taraxacum = T. officinale of Gray's Manual) | Apr.-May. |
| Sugar, Rock, or Hard Maple (Acer saccharum = A. saccharinum of Gray's Manual) | Apr.-May. |
| Juneberry, or Service Berry (Amelanchier canadensis) | May. |
| Wild Crab Apples (Pyrus) | May. |
| Gooseberry and Currant (Ribes) | May. |
| Peach, Cherry, and Plum (Prunus) | May. |
| Pear and Apple (Pyrus) | May. |
| Huckleberries and Blueberries (Gaylussacia and Vaccinium) | May-June. |
| Common, Black, or Yellow Locust (Robinia pseudacacia) | May-June. |
| European Horse-chestnut (Æsculus hippocastanum) | May-June. |
| Common Barberry (Berberis vulgaris) | May-June. |
| Tulip Tree, or "Whitewood" (Liriodendron tulipifera) | May-June. |
| Grapevines (Vitis) | May-June. |
| Rape (Brassica napus) | May-June. |
| White Mustard and Black Mustard (Brassica alba and B. nigra) | June. |
| RASPBERRY (Rubus) | June. |
| WHITE CLOVER (Trifolium repens) | June-July. |
| ALSIKE CLOVER (Trifolium hybridum) | June-July. |
| Edible Chestnut (Castanea dentata = C. sativa var. americana of Gray's Manual) | June-July. |
| Alfalfa, or Lucern (Medicago sativa) June-July. LINDEN, or BASSWOOD (Tilia americana) | July. |
| Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) | July. |
| Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) | July. |
| Melilot, Bokhara, or Sweet Clover (Melilotus alba) | July-Aug. |
| Indian Corn (Zea mags) | July-Aug. |
| Melon, Cucumber, Squash, Pumpkin (Citrullus, Cucumis, and Cucurbita). | July-Aug. |
| Fireweed (Erechthites hieracifolia) | July-Sept. |
| Chicory (Cichorium intybus) | July-Sept. |
| Great Willow-herb (Epilobium angustifolium) | July-Aug. |
| Knotweeds (Polygonum, especially P. pennsylvanicum and P. persicaria). | Aug.-Sept. |
| BUCKWHEAT (Fagopyrum fagopyrum = F. esculentum of Gray's Manual). | Aug.-Sept. |
| Indian Currant, or Coral Berry (Symphoricarpos symphoricarpos = S. vulgaris of Gray's Manual) | Aug.-Sept. |
| Thorough wort, or Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) | Aug.-Sept. |
| Bur Marigolds (Bidens, especially Spanish Needles, Bidens bipinnata). | Aug.-Oct. |
| Wild Asters (Aster) | Aug.-Oct. |
| Golden-rods (Solidago) | Aug.-Oct. |
MIDDLE SECTION.
[Between 35° and 40° N.]
| Redbud (Cercis canadensis) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Alder (Alnus rugosa = A. serrulata of Gray's Manual) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Red or Soft Maple (Acer rubrum) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Elm (Ulmus) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Willows (Salix) | Mar.-May. |
| Dandelion (Taraxacum taraxacum = T. officinale of Gray's Manual) | Apr.-May. |
| Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) | Apr.-May. |
| Juneberry or Service Berry (Amelanchier canadensis) | Apr.-May. |
| Wild Crab Apples (Pyrus) | Apr.-May. |
| Gooseberry and Currant (Ribes) | Apr.-May. |
| Rhododendrons (Rhododendron) | Apr.-May. |
| Peach, Cherry, and Plum (Prunus) | Apr.-May. |
| Pear and Apple (Pyrus) | Apr.-May. |
| Crimson Clover (Trifolium incarnatum) | Apr.-May. |
| Huckleberries and Blueberries (Gaylussacia and Vaccinium) | May. |
| American Holly (Ilex opaca) | May. |
| Black Gum, Sour Gum, Tupelo or Pepperidge (Nyssa aquatica = N. sylvatica of Gray's Manual) | May. |
| Manzanitas (Arctostaphylos) (California) | May. |
| Common, Black, or Yellow Locust (Robinia pseudacacia) | May. |
| Barberry (Berberis canadensis) | May. |
| TULIP TREE, or "POPLAR" (Liriodendron tulipifera) | May. |
| Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) | May-June. |
| Grapevines (Vitis) | May-June. |
| Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) | May-June. |
| White Clover (Trifolium repens) | May-June. |
| Alsike Clover (Trifolium hybridum) | May-June. |
| Raspberry (Rubus) | May-June. |
| Cowpea (Vigna sinensis) | May-Aug. |
| Edible Chestnut (Castanet dentata = C. saliva var. americana of Gray's Manual) | June. |
| Chinquapin (Castanea pumila) | June. |
| Catalpas, or Indian Bean Trees (Catalpa) | June. |
| Magnolia, or Sweet Bay (Magnolia glauca) | June |
| Linden, or "Linn" (Tilia americana and T. heterophylla) | June. |
| SOURWOOD, or SORREL TREE (Oxydendrum arboreum) | June-July. |
| Oxeye Daisy, or Whiteweed (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum) | June-July. |
| ALFALFA (Medicago saliva) (West) | June-Aug. |
| MELILOT, BOKHARA, or SWEET CLOVER (Melilotus alba) | June-Aug. |
| Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) | July. |
| Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) | July. |
| Cleome, or "Rocky Mountain Bee Plant" (Cleome serrulata = C. integrifolia of Gray's Manual) (West) | July-Aug. |
| Indian Corn (Zea mays) | July-Aug. |
| Cucumber. Melon. Squash. Pumpkin (Cucumis, Citrullus, and Cucurbita) | July-Aug. |
| Knotweeds (Polygonum, especially P. pennsylvanicum and P. persicaria) | July-Sept. |
| Buckwheat (Fagopyrum fagopyrum = F. esculentum of Gray's Manual) | Aug.-Sept. |
| Wild Asters (Aster, especially Heath-like Aster, Aster ericoides) | Aug.-Oct. |
| Thoroughwort, or Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) | Aug.-Oct. |
| Bur Marigolds (Bidens, especially Spanish Needles, Bidens bipinnata) | Aug.-Oct. |
| Golden-rods (Solidago) | Aug.-Oct. |
SOUTH.
[Below 35° N.]
| Redbud (Cercis canadensis) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Alder (Alnus rugosa = A. serrulata of Gray's Manual ) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Red or Soft Maple (Acer rubrum) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Elm (Ulmus) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Willows (Salix) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Dandelion (Taraxacum taraxacum = T. officinale of Gray's Manual) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Wild Pennyroyal (Hedeoma pulegioides) | Feb.-Mar. |
| Carolina Cherry, or Laurel Cherry (Prunus caroliniana) | March. |
| Juueberry, or Service Berry (Amelanchier canadensis) | March. |
| Orange and Lemon (Citrus) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Cottonwoods, or Poplars (Populus) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Titi (Cliftonia monophylla) (Florida and southern Georgia, westward.) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Gooseberry and Currant (Ribes) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Peach, Cherry, and Plum (Prunus) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Pear and Apple (Pyrus) | Mar.-Apr. |
| Huckleberries and Blueberries (Gaylussacia and Vaccinium) | April. |
| Crimson Clover (Trifolium incarnatum) | April. |
| Black Gum, Sour Gum, Tupelo, or Pepperidge (Nyssa aquatica = N. sylvatica of Gray's Manual) | April. |
| Ball, or Black Sage (Romona stachyoides, R. palmeri, etc. = Audibertia stachyoides, etc., of the Botany of California) (California) | April. |
| Gallberry, or Holly (Ilex glabra) | Apr.-May. |
| Manzanitas (Arctostaphylos California) | Apr.-May. |
| Acacias (Acacia) | Apr.-May. |
| Common, Black, or Yellow Locust (Robinia pseudacacia) | Apr.-May. |
| Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) | Apr.-May. |
| Edible Chestnut (Castanea dentata = C. sativa var. americana of Gray's Manual) | Apr.-May. |
| Chinquapin (Castanea pumila) | Apr.-May. |
| Catalpas (Catalpa) | Apr.-May. |
| Magnolias (Magnolia) | Apr.-May. |
| Rhododendrons, Rosebays, Azaleas (Rhododendron) | Apr.-May-June. |
| Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) (Texas and westward) | Apr.-July. |
| Cowpea (Vigna sinensis) | Apr.-Aug. |
| Tulip Tree, or "Poplar," (Liriodendron tulipifera) | May. |
| Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) | May. |
| Grapevines (Vitis) | May. |
| Raspberry (Rubus) | May. |
| China Berry, China Tree, or Pride of India (Melia azedarach) | May. |
| WHITE SAGE (Ramona polystachya = Audibertia polystachya of the Botany of California) (California) | May-June. |
| SOURWOOD, or SORREL TREE (Oxydendrum arboreum) | May-June. |
| SAW PALMETTO (Serenoa serrulata) (coasts of Georgia and Florida) | May-June. |
| HORSEMINT (Monarda citriodora) | May-July. |
| Banana (Musa sapientum) | May-Sept. |
| Linden, or "Linn" (Tilia americana, T. pubescens, and T. heterophylla) | June. |
| Bed Bay (Persea borbonia = P. carolinensis of Gray's Manual) | June. |
| Indian Corn (Zea mays) | June-July. |
| Cucumber, Melon, Squash, Pumpkin (Cucumis, Citrullus, and Cucurbita) | June-July. |
| BLACKWOOD or BLACK MANGROVE (Aricennia nitida) (Florida) | June-July. |
| ALFALFA (Medicago sativa) | June-Aug. |
| Melilot, Bokhara, or Sweet Clover (Melilotus alba) | June-Aug. |
| Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) | June-Aug. |
| Wild Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum) (California) | June-Oct. |
| CABBAGE PALMETTO (Sabal palmetto) (coasts of South Carolina. Georgia, and Florida) | July-Aug. |
| Japan or Bush Clover (Lespedeza striata) | Aug.-Sept. |
| Bur Marigolds (Bidens, especially Spanish Needles, Bidens bipinnata) | Aug.-frost. |
| Wild Asters (Aster, especially Heath-like Aster, Aster ericoides) | Aug.-frost. |
| Golden-rods (Solidago) | Aug.-frost. |
| Blue Gum and Red Gum (Eucalyptus globulus and E. rostrata) (California). | Dec.-Mar. |
CHAPTER VII.
SPRING MANIPULATION.
The first examination in the spring should be mainly for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not the honey stores have been exhausted. It should be early, and hence not so extended as to risk the loss of much warmth from the brood apartment. Merely lifting one edge of the quilt or, if the bottom board is a loose one, tipping the hive back so as to get a view in between the combs will often suffice. Should there not be at least the equivalent of two full frames of honey it is best to supply the deficiency at once. Without disturbing the brood full combs may be substituted at each side for the empty ones. If combs stored with honey and sealed over are not in reserve liquid honey or sugar sirup may be poured into empty ones and placed in the hives at night. A less dauby plan is to use one or more feeders directly over the brood nest, supplying several pounds of food at once. An excellent way is to give at one time all they need in the shape of a cake of bee candy, made by mixing fine sugar with just enough honey to produce a stiff dough. This cake of candy should be wrapped in heavy paper (half parchment, or such as is used for wrapping butter is good) and laid on top of the frames, after having punctured the paper in several places with a pencil or sharp stick to give the bees ready access. Two or three twigs or strips of wood laid across the frames before the cake is placed on them will also give the bees a better opportunity to reach the food.