WOODPECKERS. FAMILY PICIDÆ
IVORY-BILLED WOODPECKER
Campephilus principalis
Our largest Woodpecker, black with a white stripe down each side of the neck, white showing in the wing in flight, the male with a flaming red crest, the female with a black one and both with an ivory-white bill. L. 20.
Range. Formerly southeastern United States to North Carolina; now rare and local in the wilder, less settled portions of the Gulf States.
When man appears, the Ivory-bill disappears. This is not alone due to the destruction of the birds' haunts but to the bird's shy, retiring nature. Its days are numbered even more surely than are those of the forests it inhabits.
The nesting cavity is usually made in a cypress some forty feet from the ground, and 3-5 white eggs are laid in March.
HAIRY WOODPECKER
Dryobates villosus villosus. [Case 2], Figs. 28, 29
The Hairy is a large edition of the Downy with white, unmarked outer tail-feathers. The male has a red head-band. L. 9½.
Range. Middle and northern states; a permanent resident. The southern Hairy Woodpecker (D. v. auduboni) inhabits the southeastern United States north to southern Virginia. It is smaller than the Hairy and has less white in the plumage. L. 81/10.
The Northern Hairy Woodpecker (D. v. leucomelas) is found from the northern United States northward. It is larger and whiter than the Hairy. L. 10.