Contents.
Raw Fibre. -- Origin of Flax -- Hemp and Jute Fibre -- Description of the Plants -- Mode of Cultivation -- Suitable Climate and Soil -- Sowing -- Harvesting -- Rippling Flax and Hemp -- Water Retting -- Dew Retting -- Extraction of the Fibre -- Marketing the Fibre -- Bracquing -- Flax, Hemp and Jute Marks -- Comparative Prices -- Ports of Export -- Trade Centres -- Fibre Selling Conditions -- Duty on Fibre -- Fibre Exports. Hackling. -- Sorting and Storing the Raw Fibre -- Softening Hemp and Jute -- Jute Batching -- Cutting -- Piecing Out -- Roughing -- Hackling by Hand and Machine -- Tippling -- Sorting -- Ventilation of Hackling Rooms. Sliver Formation. -- Spreading Line -- Heavy Spreading System -- Good's Combined Hackle and Spreader -- Jute Breaking and Carding -- Flax and Hemp Tow Carding -- Bell Calculation -- Clock System -- Theory of Spreading. Line and Tow Preparing. -- Drawing and Doubling -- Draft Calculation -- Set Calculation -- Tow Combing -- Compound Systems -- Automatic Stop Motions and Independent Heads -- Details of Preparing Machinery -- Ventilation -- Humidification. Gill Spinning. -- Gill Spinning for Shoe Threads, Rope Yarns, Binder and Trawl Twines -- The Automatic Gill Spinner -- Rope and Reaper Yarn Numbering. The Flax, Hemp and Jute Roving Frame. -- Bobbin Winding -- Differential Motion -- Twist Calculation -- Practical Changing -- Rove Stock. Dry and Half-Dry Spinning. -- Flyer and Ring Frames -- Draft and Twist Calculation -- Bobbin Dragging -- Reaches -- Set of Breast Beam and Tin-rod. Wet Spinning of Flax, Hemp and Tow -- Hot and Cold Water Spinning -- Improvements in the Water Trough -- Turn off and Speed of Spindles -- Reaches -- Belting -- Band Tying -- Tape Driving -- Oiling -- Black Threads -- Cuts per Spindle -- Ventilation of the Wet Spinning Room. Yarn Department. -- Reeling -- Cop Winding -- Cheese and Spool Winding -- Balling Shoe Thread, Reaper Yarn, etc. -- Yarn Drying and Conditioning -- Yarn Bundling -- Yarn Baling -- Weight of Yarn -- Yarn Tables -- Duty on Yarn Imports. Manufacture of Threads, Twines and Cords. -- Hank Winding -- Wet and Dry Twisting -- Cabling -- Fancy Yarns -- Twine Laying -- Sizing and Polishing Threads and Twines -- Softening Threads -- Skeining Threads -- Balling Twines -- Leeson's Universal Winder -- Randing Twines -- Spooling Sewing Threads -- Comparative Prices of Flax and Hemp Cords, Lines and Threads. Rope Making. -- Construction of Hawsers and Cables -- Stranding -- Laying and Closing -- Compound Rope Machines -- Rules for Rope Makers -- Weight of Ropes -- Balling and Coiling Ropes. Mechanical Department. -- Boilers, Engines and Turbines -- Power Transmission by Belts and Ropes -- Electric Light and Power Transmission -- Fans -- Oils and Oiling -- Repairs -- Fluting. Mill Construction. -- Flax, Hemp and Jute Spinning Mills and Rope works -- Heating -- Roofs -- Chimneys, etc.
Collieries and Mines.
RECOVERY WORK AFTER PIT FIRES. By Robert Lamprecht, Mining Engineer and Manager. Translated from the German. Illustrated by Six large Plates, containing Seventy-six Illustrations. 175 pp., demy 8vo. Price 10s. 6d. net. (Post free, 10s. 10d. home; 11s. abroad.)
Contents.
Causes of Pit Fires -- Preventive Regulations: (1) The Outbreak and Rapid Extension of a Shaft Fire can be most reliably prevented by Employing little or no Combustible Material in the Construction of the Shaft; (2) Precautions for Rapidly Localising an Outbreak of Fire in the Shaft; (3) Precautions to be Adopted in case those under 1 and 2 Fail or Prove Inefficient. Precautions against Spontaneous Ignition of Coal. Precautions for Preventing Explosions of Fire-damp and Coal Dust. Employment of Electricity in Mining, particularly in Fiery Pits. Experiments on the Ignition of Fire-damp Mixtures and Clouds of Coal Dust by Electricity -- Indications of an Existing or Incipient Fire -- Appliances for Working in Irrespirable Gases: Respiratory Apparatus; Apparatus with Air Supply Pipes; Reservoir Apparatus; Oxygen Apparatus -- Extinguishing Pit Fires: (a) Chemical Means; (b) Extinction with Water. Dragging down the Burning Masses and Packing with Clay; (c) Insulating the Seat of the Fire by Dams. Dam Building. Analyses of Fire Gases. Isolating the Seat of a Fire with Dams: Working in Irrespirable Gases ("Gas-diving"): Air-Lock Work. Complete Isolation of the Pit. Flooding a Burning Section isolated by means of Dams. Wooden Dams: Masonry Dams. Examples of Cylindrical and Dome-shaped Dams. Dam Doors: Flooding the Whole Pit -- Rescue Stations: (a) Stations above Ground; (b) Underground Rescue Stations -- Spontaneous Ignition of Coal in Bulk -- Index.
VENTILATION IN MINES. By Robert Wabner, Mining Engineer. Translated from the German. Royal 8vo. Thirty Plates and Twenty-two Illustrations. 240 pp. Price 10s. 6d. net. (Post free, 11s. home; 11s. 3d. abroad.)
Contents.
The Causes of the Contamination of Pit Air -- The Means of Preventing the Dangers resulting from the Contamination of Pit Air -- Calculating the Volume of Ventilating Current necessary to free Pit Air from Contamination -- Determination of the Resistance Opposed to the Passage of Air through the Pit -- Laws of Resistance and Formulæ therefor -- Fluctuations in the Temperament or Specific Resistance of a Pit -- Means for Providing a Ventilating Current in the Pit -- Mechanical Ventilation -- Ventilators and Fans -- Determining the Theoretical, Initial, and True (Effective) Depression of the Centrifugal Fan -- New Types of Centrifugal Fan of Small Diameter and High Working Speed -- Utilising the Ventilating Current to the utmost Advantage and distributing the same through the Workings -- Artificially retarding the Ventilating Current -- Ventilating Preliminary Workings -- Blind Headings -- Separate Ventilation -- Supervision of Ventilation -- Index.
HAULAGE AND WINDING APPLIANCES USED IN MINES. By Carl Volk. Translated from the German. Royal 8vo. With Six Plates and 148 Illustrations. 150 pp. Price 8s. 6d. net. (Post free, 9s. home; 9s. 3d. abroad.)