Shrubs or trees. Leaves usually opposite and compound, without stipules. Flowers usually large and panicled, more or less irregular, hermaphrodite. Sepals united below. Petals united below, imbricate in bud. Stamens inserted on the lower part of the corolla, 4, in two pairs of unequal length, the fifth sterile, rarely all 5 fertile. Anthers opening by two longitudinal slits, rarely (Colea) by one. Disc present. Ovary superior, 1-2-celled. Ovules numerous, in two or more rows, inverted. Style simple; stigmas 2. Fruit a capsule with the valves usually separating from the partition, or a nut or berry. Seeds usually placed transversely and margined or winged, exalbuminous.—Genera 21, species 90. Tropical and South Africa. (Plate 137.)

1. Fruit a capsule. Seeds winged. Ovary completely 2-celled. [Tribe
TECOMEAE.] 2
Fruit a berry or nut. Seeds not winged, but often margined. Ovary cylindric, 1-celled or incompletely, rarely (Colea) completely 2-celled.
Fertile stamens 4. Stem erect. [Tribe CRESCENTIEAE.] 14
2. Fertile stamens 5. Anthers exserted, with parallel halves. Calyx 5-toothed.
Ovules few, in two rows. Erect, spiny shrubs. Leaves fascicled. Flowers solitary or in clusters. 3
Fertile stamens 4. Leaves pinnate, very rarely (Stenolobium) unifoliolate. 4
3. Calyx tubular, slit on one side, with linear teeth. Corolla white, with a long tube. Capsule slightly compressed, with prickly warts. Leaves undivided.—Species 1. South Africa and southern Central Africa. Catophraetes G. Don
Calyx bell-shaped. Capsule much compressed, smooth.—Species 9.
Tropical and South Africa. Rhigozum Burch.
4. Stamens projecting beyond the corolla-tube. Anther-halves divergent or divaricate. Flowers in racemes or panicles. 5
Stamens concealed within the corolla-tube. 6
5. Calyx spathe-like, slit on one side. Seeds with a broad wing. Trees. Leaflets entire.—Species 3. Central Africa. They yield timber, edible seeds, and medicaments, and serve as ornamental plants. “African tulip-tree.” Spathodea Beauv.
Calyx bell-shaped, equally 5-toothed. Seeds with a narrow wing. Twining shrubs. Leaflets serrate.—Species 3. Central and South Africa.
Used as ornamental plants. (Under Tecoma Juss.) Tecomaria Fenzl
6. Anther-halves parallel. Calyx spathe-like, split down one side. Trees.
Flowers panicled. 7
Anther-halves divergent or divaricate. 8
7. Basal (cylindric) part of the corolla-tube short. Ovules of each cell in
2 rows. Fruit 2-celled; valves boat-shaped.—Species 1. West
Africa. Yields timber and medicaments. Newbouldia Seem.
Basal part of the corolla-tube long. Ovules of each cell in more than two rows. Fruit 4-celled; valves flat. Leaflets entire.—Species 1.
Madagascar. Dolichandrone Fenzl
8. Inflorescences lateral, usually springing from the old wood. Anther-halves usually divergent. 9
Inflorescences terminal. Anther-halves usually divaricate. 11
9. Flowers solitary or in cymes. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed. Corolla distinctly
2-lipped; tube curved. Disc conical. Ovules of each cell in two rows. Climbing shrubs.—Species 1. Madagascar. Perichlaena Baill.
Flowers in panicles. Calyx bell-shaped, unequally 3-5-cleft. Corolla not distinctly 2-lipped. Ovules of each cell in several rows. Trees. 10
10. Calyx-tube narrow, leathery. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped. Disc saucer-shaped. Fruit with leathery, keeled valves. Leaves glabrous, crowded at the end of the branches.—Species 2. Madagascar. Kigelianthe Baill.
Calyx-tube wide. Corolla ventricose-campanulate, curved. Disc cushion-shaped.
Fruit cylindric, twisted. Leaves tomentose beneath.—Species
2. Central Africa. (Ferdinandia Seem., under Heterophragma
DC.) Fernandia Baill.
11. Flowers in racemes or umbels. Calyx narrowly bell-shaped, 5-toothed.
Connective of the stamens broadened, leaf-like. Ovules of each cell in two rows. Erect shrubs. Leaflets serrate.—Species 1. Naturalized in Central Africa. An ornamental plant. (Under Tecoma Juss.) Stenolobium D. Don
Flowers in panicles. Connective not leaf-like. 12
12. Ovules arranged in 2 rows in each cell. Calyx bell-shaped or tubular, truncate or unequally 2-5-lobed. Fruit with a spongy partition.
Trees.—Species 6. Tropics. They yield timber, gum, and medicaments. Stereospermum Cham.
Ovules arranged in 4-8 rows in each cell. 13
13. Ovules in 4 rows in each cell. Calyx spathe-like, split down one side.
Fruit with a winged partition. Trees.—Species 10. Central Africa.
Some species yield timber. (Under Dolichandrone Fenzl) Markhamia Seem.
Ovules in 8 rows in each cell. Calyx bell-shaped, inflated, equally 5-toothed.
Climbing shrubs.—Species 2. Central and South-east Africa (Under
Pandorea Endl. or Tecoma Juss.) Podranea Sprague

BIGNONIACEAE.

FLOW. PL. AFR.

Pl. 137.

J. Fleischmann del.

Kigelia aethiopica Decne.

A Leaf. B Inflorescence. C Flower cut lengthwise. D Ovary cut lengthwise. E Ovary cut across. F Fruit.