The Imperial Japanese Navy

by Fred T. Jane

CONTENTS

PAGE
	PREFACE	[ix]
I.	EARLY HISTORY	[ 1]
II.	THE OPENING OF JAPAN	[13]
III.	EARLY WARSHIPS AND THE CIVIL WAR	[21]
IV.	THE IMPERIAL NAVY	[36]
V.	THE WAR WITH CHINA	[101]
VI.	THE BATTLE OF YALU	[115]
VII.	WEI-HAI-WEI	[156]
VIII.	AFTER THE WAR WITH CHINA	[168]
IX.	THE NEW PROGRAMME	[218]
X.	THE JAPANESE DOCKYARDS	[234]
	1. Yokosuka	[234]
	2. Tokio	[236]
	3. Kuré	[237]
	4. Sassebo	[238]
	5. Maitzuru	[241]
XI.	NAVAL HARBOURS	[242]
	1. Nagasaki	[242]
	2. Takeshiki	[244]
	3. Ominato	[245]
	4. Kobé	[246]
	5. Kuré	[246]
XII.	THE MERCANTILE MARINE	[249]
XIII.	THE JAPANESE ADMIRALTY	[252]
XIV.	ENTRY AND TRAINING OF OFFICERS	[257]
XV.	ENTRY AND TRAINING OF MEN	[265]
XVI.	PAY, ETC.	[267]
XVII.	FLAGS	[275]
XVIII.	UNIFORMS, ETC.	[276]
XIX.	PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OFFICERS	[278]
XX.	PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEN	[303]
XXI.	MESSING	[309]
XXII.	THE ARMAMENT AND EQUIPMENT	[313]
	OF THE FLEET
	1. Guns	[313]
	2. Gunnery Accessories	[322]
	3. Torpedoes	[325]
	4. Armour	[329]
	5. Engines and Boilers	[330]
XXIII.	OTHER NAVIES AS SEEN BY THE JAPANESE	[337]
XXIV.	THE WAR WITH RUSSIA	[340]
APPENDICES—
	OFFICIAL REPORTS, CHINO-JAPANESE WAR	[359]
	LIST OF JAPANESE WARSHIPS	[394]
	JAPANESE SHIP-NAMES (MEANINGS)	[398]
	HISTORICAL SHIP-NAMES	[402]
	A JAPANESE “AT HOME”	[403]
	INDEX TO SUBJECT-MATTER	[407]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE
The Battleship Chin Yen (photograph)	[Frontispiece]
Map of Japan	[ 3]
The Tsukuba	[20]
The Fuji Yama	[23]
The Adsuma	[27]
Japanese Officers in 1866	[30]
The Moisshin	[31]
The Asama	[33]
Battle of Hakodate (from a Japanese print)	[37]
The Seiki	[41]
Japanese Fleet at Manœuvres (photograph)	[45]
The Chin Yen at Evolutions (photograph)	[51]
The Tsukushi (photograph)	[55]
The Esmeralda (now Idzumi) (plan)	[58]
The Naniwa (photograph)	[61]
The Naniwa (plan)	[63]
The Sai Yen (photograph and plan)	[65]
The Fuso at Sea (photograph)	[69]
The Takao (photograph)	[73]
The Unebi	[75]
The Tschichima	[79]
The Hashidate (photograph)	[83]
The Matsushima (photograph)	[83]
The Hei Yen (photograph)	[87]
The Chiyoda (photograph)	[89]
The Chiyoda (plan)	[91]
The Akitsushima (photograph)	[93]
The Akitsushima (plan)	[95]
The Yoshino (plan)	[96]
The Yoshino (photograph)	[97]
The Tatsuta (plan)	[100]
The Japanese Fleet in line abreast off Chemulpo
during the War	[107]
Admiral Ito (photograph)	[117]
A Japanese Picture of Yalu	[133]
Sinking of the King Yuen
(sketch by a Japanese Officer)	[137]
Plans of Battle of Yalu	[121], [125], [129], [141]
The Chen Yuen after Action	[145]
Map of Wei-hai-wei	[157]
Celebrating Surrender of Chinese Fleet
at Naval Club, Tokio	[161]
Japanese Fleet bombarding Wei-hai-wei	[165]
The Suma (photograph)	[169]
The Fuji (plan)	[173]
The Yoshima (plan)	[173]
The Fuji (photograph)	[175]
The Shikishima (plan)	[177]
The Hatsuse (photograph)	[179]
The Mikasa (plan)	[183]
The Mikasa (photograph)	[187]
The Idzumo (photograph)	[193]
The Asama (plan)	[196]
The Yakumo (photograph)	[197]
The Azuma (plan)	[200]
The Nisshin (photograph)	[201]
The Kasuga (plan)	[204]
The Nisshin (plan)	[204]
The Kasuga (photograph)	[205]
The Kasagi (photograph)	[209]
The Takasago (plan)	[211]
The Niitaka (plan)	[212]
The Chihaya (plan)	[214]
The Miyako (plan)	[214]
The First Japanese Torpedo Boat	[216]
The Kashima (plan)	[221]
Yokosuka (map)	[235]
Sassebo (map)	[238]
Sassebo Naval Club (photograph)	[239]
Maitzuru (map)	[241]
Takeshiki (map)	[244]
Kobé Harbour (photograph)	[247]
Admiral Gombey (photograph)	[253]
Japanese Flags	[274]
The Shikishima entering Portsmouth Dockyard	[287]
“At Home” on board the Kasagi	[291]
Schneider-Canet Gun 24-cm.
for Coast Service (photograph)	[312]
12-in. Guns of the Mikasa (plan)	[314]
Canet Guns 24-cm. for Coast Service (photograph)	[315]
Vickers 6-in. Gun (plan)	[318]
Vickers 6-in. Gun (photograph)	[319]
Canet 27-cm. Gun (photograph)	[323]
Elswick Submerged Tube (plan)	[326]
Canet 15-cm. Gun (photograph)	[327]
Elswick Submerged Tube (photograph)	[331]
Belleville Boiler	[333]
Niclausse Boiler	[335]
The Variag	[341]
Admiral Togo	[344]

THE IMPERIAL JAPANESE NAVY

I
EARLY HISTORY

The earliest Japanese history, like that of all other nations, is a mass of myths and legends. But out of this one solid fact has been evolved: the Japanese were a race who invaded the island kingdom by way of Korea, much as the Saxons and other Teutonic tribes invaded Britain. They therefore used the sea at a very early period of their history.

They found aboriginal tribes when they came, and of these the Ainu still exist in the north, a race as distinct as our Celts in the north of Scotland. The immigrant race are always spoken of and accepted as Mongolians, though in Japanese legend the invaders had, as in similar Western myths, a divine origin. Incidentally, it is interesting to note that a Japanese, with kindred tastes to those Western savants who have found the cradle of the human race in Lapland or in Central Africa, has built a theory by which ancient Egypt was the early home of the Japanese. To support this theory numerous small similarities were brought forward; but it does not seem to have made headway in Japan, or to be known in the Western world. It is, as regards plausibility, about on a par with the Anglo-Israelite theory that had once quite a vogue in this country, and is by no means without disciples to-day.