Technique of Eye Dissections

by Frederic A. Woll

THIS LITTLE BOOK IS DEDICATED WITH AFFECTION
AND ESTEEM TO MY FIRST TEACHER
IN OPTICS, MY FRIEND FOR YEARS

ANDREW JAY CROSS

WHOSE RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF APPLIED
OPTICS HAS WON FOR HIM RECOGNITION
AND HONOR

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CONTENTS

	PAGE
Preface	[13]
Introduction	[17]
Removal of Hyaloid Membrane with Contents and Attachments Intact	[25]
Canal of Petit, The	[35]
Interior of the Eye, The	[38]
Posterior Half, The	[40]
Optic Nerve, The	[47]
Anterior Half, The	[49]
Iris, The	[51]
Cornea, The	[52]
Crystalline Lens, The	[53]
Choroid, The	[62]
Retina, The	[74]
Sagittal or Vertical Section of the Eye, The	[86]
Papilla, Puncta Lacrimalia, and Nasal Duct, The	[92]
Meibomian Glands and Ducts, The	[96]
Enucleation of the Orbital Contents, The	[97]
Ophthalmoscopic Examinations	[106]
Lacrimal Ducts, The	[112]
Lacrimal Gland, The	[114]
Capsule of Tenon, The	[115]
Superior Oblique Muscle and its Pulley	[117]
Other Extrinsic Muscles, The	[118]
Three Tunics of the Eye, the Hyaloid and its Attachments, The	[120]

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ILLUSTRATIONS

		PAGE
[0].	Brain showing eyes with muscles removed, optic nerves, and chiasm	Frontispiece
[1].	Glassware and tools	22
[2].	The first cut	28
[3].	How the point of the scissors is kept away from the underlying tissues	29
[4].	Half of the sclerotic separated	30
[5].	Picking up the choroid	31
[6].	Emptying the eye of its contents	32
[7].	Isolated hyaloid, contents and attachments intact	33
[8].	Petit’s Canal	36
[9].	Cutting eye into anterior and posterior sections with safety-razor blade	39
[10].	Posterior half showing retinal vessels and choroid	40
[11].	Showing network of vitreous	42
[12].	Tearing retina away from posterior half of eye	44
[13].	Posterior half of eye with retina removed	45
[14].	Excavated posterior half of eye	46
[15].	Split optic nerve	47
[16].	Ciliary processes and the lens	48
[17].	How to pull off vitreous	50
[18].	Processus Zonuloe	54
[19].	Onion-like layers of lens removed	56
[20].	Cross section of lens	57
[21].	Lenses showing the results of different kinds of treatment	60
[22].	Puncturing the cornea	63
[23].	Removing the cornea	64
[24].	How to separate the choroid from the sclerotic	65
[25].	Cutting away the separated sclerotic	67
[26].	Scraping the choroid free from the sclerotic	68
[27].	The isolated choroid	69
[28].	Inserting scalpel to loosen lens and cut through vitreous	70
[29].	Taking out lens and “core” of vitreous	71
[30].	Squeezing out remaining part of vitreous	72
[31].	Cutting through the iris	75
[32].	Cutting around the ciliary ring	76
[33].	Lens, iris, and part of vitreous removed	77
[34].	How to force blowpipe into the vitreous	78
[35].	Bulging out of vitreous caused by blowing air through glass blowpipe	79
[36].	Showing vitreous removed	80
[37].	Folding the retina by blowing air at it through blowpipe	81
[38].	Suspended retina. Sclerotic ready to be cut away	82
[39].	Showing sclerotic nearly all cut away	83
[40].	Isolated retina	84
[41].	The beginning of the cutting of the eye for sagittal sections	87
[42].	Method of cutting through the crystalline lens	88
[43].	Cutting through cornea to complete the sagittal sections	89
[44].	Sagittal section enlarged	90
[45].	Part of calf’s head showing knitting needles inserted in puncta	93
[46].	Course of knitting needles showing the course of the canaliculi	94
[47].	Initial cuts to be made in the skin	98
[48].	First cut in bones of orbit	99
[49].	All the cuts to be made in bones of orbit	100
[50].	How to pry bone loose	101
[51].	Dissecting close to bones of orbit	102
[52].	Excavated orbit	103
[53].	Anterior view of enucleated eye	104
[54].	Side view of enucleated eye. All parts in situ	104
[55].	Enlarging pupil for ophthalmoscopic inspection	107
[56].	How to get rid of the pucker in the cornea	108
[57].	Window cut in the eye	110
[58].	Pins inserted in lacrimal ducts	112
[59].	Capsule of Tenon blown up	115
[60].	Showing the extrinsic muscles of the eye	118
[61].	Cutting through the iris	120
[62].	Scraping ciliary processes free. Choroid cut around ciliary ring	121
[63].	Cutting away choroid	122
[64].	Three tunics, hyaloid, and lens	123