[741] For instance, K. iii. pp. 5, 50.
[742] K. 1154 (v. 302): ‘adiacent etiam agri quamplurimi circa castellum quod Welingaford vocitatur.’—K. 152 (i. 183): ‘castelli quod nominatur Hrofescester.’—K. 276 (ii. 57): ‘castelli Hrobi.’
[743] A beautiful example is given by Staffordshire and Warwickshire. Each has its borough in its centre, while Tamworth on the border is partly in the one shire, partly in the other. See Pipe Roll, 31 Hen. I. 75, 76, 107, 108. As to these Mercian shires, see Stubbs, Const. Hist., i. 123; Green, Conquest of England, 237: ‘Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire are other instances of purely military creation, districts assigned to the fortresses which Eadward raised at these points.’
[744] See our index under [Burghal Hidage]. Mr W. H. Stevenson’s valuable aid in the identification of these burgs is gratefully acknowledged.
[745] D. B. i. 154.
[746] D. B. i. 262 b.
[747] It will be understood that we are not contending for an exact correspondence between civil and military geography. Oxford and Wallingford are border towns. Berkshire men help to maintain Oxford, and Oxfordshire men help to maintain Wallingford.
[748] Widukind, I. 35. For comments see Waitz, Heinrich V. 95; Richter, Annalen, iii. 8; Giesebrecht, Kaiserzeit (ed. 5), i. 222, 811; Keutgen, Ursprung der deutschen Stadtverfassung, p. 44. Giesebrecht holds that Edward’s measures may well have been Henry’s model.
[749] A.-S. Chron. ann. 894.
[750] A charter of 899 (K. v. p. 141) professes to tell how King Alfred, Abp Plegmund and Æthelred ealdorman of the Mercians held a moot ‘de instauratione urbis Londoniae.’ One result of this moot was that two plots of land inside the walls, with hythes outside the walls, were given by the king, the one to the church of Canterbury, the other to the church of Worcester. How will the instauratio of London be secured by such grants?