The Armenian Crisis in Turkey / The Massacre of 1894, Its Antecedents and Significance, With a Consideration of Some of the Factors Which Enter Into the Solution of This Phase of the Eastern Question

by Frederick Davis Greene

ARMENIAN LITERATURE.

Nève, Félix, L’Arménie Chrétienne et sa Littérature. Louvain, 1886.

Catalogue des anciennes traductions Arméniennes, siècles iv.-xiii. 8º pp. 783. Venezia, 1889.

Dwight, Catalogue of all Works known to exist in the Armenian Language earlier than the Seventeenth Century. American Oriental Society. Vol. iii. 1853.

Fortescue, The Armenian Church, History, Literature, Doctrine. London, 1872.

Issaverdenz, The Divine Ordinances according to the Catholic Armenian Ritual. Venice, 1867.

Alishan, Armenian Popular Songs. Armenian and English. Venice, 1867.

Lord Byron’s Armenian Exercises and Poetry. Armenian and English. Venice, 1870.

GENERAL INDEX.

• A
• Aberdeen, Lord, [72]
• Aghtamar, [141], [145]
• Alexander, [53], [133]
• Americans
  • Position, [67], [148]
  • Number, [149]
  • Work, [141], [148]–151
  • Influence, [152]–154
  • Interests, [147]–166
• Anglo-Armenian Assoc., [69]
• Anglo-Turkish Convention
  • See [England]
• Armenia
  • Land
    • Name, [44], [46]
    • Extent, [45]
    • Aspects, [44]–46
    • Inhabitants, [45], [46]
    • Condition, [9], [15], [32], [35], [39], [42], [46], [62]–65
    • Autonomy, [69], [81]
  • Race
    • Origin, [132]
    • Number, [45], [142]
    • Distribution, [44]
    • Characteristics, [52], [140]
    • Condition, chap. [i.], [ii.], [iii.], [iv.]
    • “Revolution,” [Preface], Chap. [i.], [69], [81], [167]
    • Progress, [79], [117], [154]
  • History
    • Biblical, [132], [133]
    • Classical, [134], [135]
    • Armenian Sources, [144]
    • In General, [53]
  • Church
    • Apostolic Tradition, [136]
    • Founder, [136]
    • Doctrine, [137]
    • Form, [137], [144]
    • Heroic Struggle, [53]
    • Decline, [139]
    • Reform, [140], [143], [154]
    • Catholicos, [137], [138]
    • Political Significance, [138]
    • Future, [138]
  • Literature
    • Language, [132], [143]
    • Pre-Christian, [143]
    • Golden Age, [144]
    • Second Period, [144]
    • Modern Revival, [146]
    • General Character, [144]
  • Massacre
    • See [Massacres]
• Arnaut, [98]
• Austria, Preface, [104]
• Author, Purpose, Preface, [147]
• B
• Bagdad, [48]
• Baibourt, [46]
• Bashi-Bazouk, [98], [102]
• Bashkalla, [16], [49]
• Berlin Treaty. See [Treaties]
• Bibliography, Appendix E
• Bilotti, Consul, [113]
• Bishop, Mrs., [62], [67], [131], [154]
• Bismarck, Preface, [78]
• Bitlis, [12], [16], [37], [43]
• Blue-Books. See [England]
• Blowitz, M. de, [83]
• Bosnia, [83], [84]
• Britannica, Encyc., [48], [49]
• Bryce, Hon. James, Preface, [69]
• Bulgaria, [73], [83], [96], [101], [126]
• Byron, Lord, [154]
• Byzantine Empire, [53], [134]
• C
• Cairo University, [75]
• Castle, Kurdish, [49]
• Catholicos. See [Armenia]
• Censorship, [73], Append. [C]
• Chermside, Consul, [113]
• Chios, [97]
• Chosroes, [137]
• Christianity, Toleration. See [Mohammedanism]
• Churchill, [96], [100]
• Circassians, [73]
• Code Napoleon, [89]
• Commission of Inquiry. See [Massacres]
• Consular Reports.
  • British. See [England]
  • United States, [66]
• Council of Chalcedon, [157]
• Courts. See [Turkey]
• Crete. See [Massacres]
• Crimean War, [72]
• Crisis, [33], [35], [82], [84], Preface
• Cyprus Convention, [72], [76]
• D
• Diarbekir, [48]
• Diplomacy
  • American, Preface, Append. [A], [B]
  • European, Preface, Chap. [v.]
  • Turkish, [70], [77], [93]
• E
• Eastern Question, Preface, [68], [85]
• Education, [87], [140], [143], [150], [155]
• Egypt, [83]
• England
  • Attitude, Preface
  • Responsibility, [69], [73], [76], [79], [103], [128]. See [Treaties]
  • Efforts, [76]–79, [123]
  • Consular Reports, Preface, [48], [66], [68], [74], [77], [78], [112]
• Erzerum, [46], [62], [66], [113]
• Erzingan, [21], [23], [46]
• Everett, Consul, [113]
• F
• Fanaticism. See [Mohammedanism]
• France, Preface, [78], [104], [107], [138], [140], [149]
• Freeman, [79], [85], [88], [117]
• G
• Genghis Khan, [136]
• Germany, Preface, [78], [104]
• Gladstone, on
  • Consular Reports, Preface
  • Sassoun Massacre, [121]–125
  • Turkish Rule, [126]–130
• Goschen, [78]
• Granville, [77]
• Greece, [83], [89], [97], [127], [133], [154]
• Gregory, The Illuminator. See [Armenian Church]
• H
• Hallward, Consul, [16]
• Hamlin, Cyrus, [81], [167]
• Hannibal, [134]
• Harpoot, [48]
• Hatti Humayoun, [72]
• Hatti Sherif, [71]
• Herodotus, [133]
• Herzegovina, [83]
• Hughes, [89]
• Humanity, Preface, [1], [33], [123], [127], [129]
• I
• Ibrahim Pasha, [71]
• Identical Note, [76]
• “Illuminator,” [53], [137], [138]. See [Armenian Church]
• Imperial Rescript, [71]
• Independent, The, [54], [95], [101]
• Information
  • Channels, [66]
  • Danger of, Preface, [1], [15], [16], [54], [62]
  • Sultan’s, [13], [89], [92], [93]
• Islam. See [Mohammedanism]
• Italy, Preface, [104]
• J
• Jacobite, [54], [89]
• Jessup, [75]
• Jesuit, [137]
• Jews, [68], [89]
• K
• Kallay, M. de, [84]
• Kermanshah, [46]
• Khrimian, Catholicos, [138]
  • Motto on Title-page
• Khoshab, Castle, [50]
• Knapp, Attack on, [157]
• Koran. See [Mohammedanism]
• Kurdistan
  • Country, [46]
  • Kurds, [48]–52
  • “Hamediéh” Troops, [1]–30, [126]
  • Outrages, [54]–69, [157]–164
• L
• Latham, [96]
• Layard, [96], [99]
• Lebanon, [93]
• Leon VI., [136]
• Lloyd, Consul-Gen., [66]
• M
• MacColl, Canon, [72]
• MacGahan, [96], [103]
• Malatiah, [46]
• Mamelukes, [136]
• Maronites, [99]
• Massacres in Turkey
  • Greek (1822), [96]–98
  • Nestorian (1850), [96], [99]
  • Syrian (1860), [96], [99]
  • Cretan (1867), [104]
  • Bulgarian (1876), [96], [101]
  • Armenian (1877), [105]–107
  • Yezidi (1892), [108]
  • Armenian (1894), Chap. I.
    • Victims, Dedication
    • Evidence, [1]–42
    • Uncalled for, [21], [23], [26], [36]
    • Premeditated, [17], [18]
    • Ordered, [7], [12], [14], [20], [28]–30
    • Long Duration, [21], [31]
    • Number Slain, [11], [15], [24]
    • Manner, [20]–23, [26], [31]
    • Violation of Women, [15], [22], [27], [28], [39], [41]
    • Denials, [12], [25], [27]
    • Concealment, [11]–15, [29]–34, [40]
    • Commission of Inquiry, Preface, [103]
    • Gladstone’s Opinion, [121]–125
• Midhat Pasha, [86]
• Missions. See [Americans]
  • Other Missions, [149]
• Mohammedanism
  • Founder, [110], [125]
  • Koran, [89], [99], [111], [115]
  • Exclusive, [115], [116]
  • Spirit, [22], [74], [89], [110], [167]
  • Rationalistic Types, [116]
  • “Tolerance,” [42], [71], [74], [84], [107], [114], [127], [169]
  • Converts from, [68], [114]
  • Union with State, [111], [119]
• Moosh, [43]
• Morfill, [69]
• Mosul, [48], [58]
• N
• Nebuchadnezzar, [53]
• Nestorians, [54], [89]. See [Massacres]
• Norman, [52], [85], [104]
• O
• Ordoo, [72]
• Ottoman. See [Turkey]
• P
• Pagratidæ, [134]
• Parry, [107]
• Parthians, [53], [134]
• Persia, [6], [43], [48], [53]
• Phil-Armenic, [69]
• Pope, [88]
• Porte, Sublime. See [Sultan of Turkey]
• Powers, European
  • Attitude, Preface, [67], [76], [81], [99], [104]
  • Responsibility, [33], [41], [69], [88], [119], [122]
• Protestants
  • Origin, [153]
  • Number, [150]
  • Success, [147]–154
  • Hostility to, [58], [71], [155]
• R
• Reynolds, Attack on, [157], [163]
• Register, The Christian, [127]
• Religion
  • Classification by, [152]
  • Freedom of, [70]–75, [110]–120, [169]
  • See Mohammedanism, Turkey
• Review of Reviews, Preface
• Robert College, [115], [149], [155]
• Rolin-Jaequemyns, [78], [112]
• Romans, [53]
• Rupenian Dynasty, [136], [144]
• Russia
  • Attitude, [53], [68], [104], [168]
  • Feeling toward, [45], [52], [68], [73], [81]
• S
• Saladin, [48]
• Saracen, [53]
• Sassanidæ, [134]
• Schuyler, Eugene, [96], [101]
• Seljouk, [53], [136]
• Seleucidæ, [133]
• Shah, [48]
• Shaw, Dr. Albert, [7]
• Siouffi, [107]
• Smith, R. Bosworth, [111]
• Stamboul, [70]
• Stein, Robert, [96]
• Stevenson, Preface, [121]
• Stillman, [104]
• Stratford de Redcliffe, Lord, [69], [109]
• Strong, Dr. Josiah, Introduction
• Sublime Porte, [90]–94, [155]
• Sultan
  • Mohammed II., [87], [152]
  • Selim I., [88]
  • Mahmoud, [97]
  • Medjid, [71], [72]
  • Abd-ul-Hamid, Preface
    • Sincerity, [13], [87], [91], [155]
    • Helplessness, [88]
    • Isolation, [124]
    • Absolutism, [90]–94
• Syrian, [89], [96], [100]
  • See Massacres
• T
• Tacitus, [134]
• Tamerlane, [136]
• Tigranes II., [134]
• Times, The London, [104], [127]
• Tozer, [136]
• Treaties, Chapter iv.
  • Adrianople, [70]
  • Berlin, [69], [73], [76]–81, [112]
  • Cyprus, Preface, [73], [76]
  • Paris, [72]
• Trebizond, [12], [43], [113]
• Turkey
  • • Americans in. See Americans, United States
    • Antecedents, [117]–120, [124], [127]
    • Attitude, Preface, [81]
    • Future, [108]–109, [120], [127]–130
  • Government
    • Administration, [11], [35], [46], [74], [109], [123], [128], [153]
    • Courts, [41], [65], [74], [112]
    • Divided, [92]
    • Favors Kurds, [17], [20], [30], [62]
    • Hostile to Christians, [10]–41, [53], [66], [89], [100], [110]–120, [153]
    • Reports, [48], [67]
    • Union with Islam, [111]
    • Massacres. See Massacres
    • Moslem Races, [86], [90]
    • Reform, [10], [70]–75, [83], [88], [94], [109], [117]–120, [129]
    • Treaties. See Treaties
    • Taxation, [16], [27], [34], [49], [59]–62
    • Travel, [43], [131]
    • Turks, [46], [86]
• U
• United States
  • Attitude, Introduction, Preface
  • Consulates, [66], [163]
  • Diplomacy, [157]
  • Armenians in, [45]
• V
• Van, [37], [43], [49]
  • Governor of, [19], [64]
• Violation of Women, [15], [22], [27], [28], [39], [41], [98], [101], [105]–107, [129]
• W
• Wallace, Gen. Lewis, [157]–162
• Washburn, Prest. George, [115]
• Wilson, Consul-Gen., [73], [112], [114]
• X
• Xenophon, [133]
• Xerxes, [53]
• Y
• Yezidi Massacre, [106]
• Yuruk, [98]
• Z
• Zeibek, [83], [98]
• Zekki Pasha, [21]
• Zoroastrians, [134]