Barnegat City (female).—First lumbar: Similar to last thoracic, but transverse process expanded distally and slightly directed forward; a little longer than centrum; anterior and posterior edges emarginate proximally.
Eleventh lumbar (last): Centrum very long. Neural arch and spine very high, more than twice length of centrum. Spine inclined backward much beyond posterior face of centrum; anterior margin straight, posterior convex, tip expanded. Transverse process a little more than one-half length of centrum, somewhat expanded at distal end and curved forward so that tip is about in line with anterior face of centrum. Metapophyses close to centrum and to each other, semihexagonal in outline. A sharp median inferior ridge, and shallow posterior oblique channels on under side of centrum.
Newport (male).—First lumbar: Similar to that of Barnegat skeleton, but transverse processes considerably longer than the centrum and not expanded at tip; anterior edge straight, posterior only slightly emarginate proximally.
Tenth lumbar (last): Centrum like that in Barnegat skeleton. Neural arch and spine only slightly higher than length of centrum. Transverse process oblong, free margin nearly transverse; process inclined forward so that tip is a little beyond anterior face of centrum. Metapophyses close to centrum, rounded in outline. Neural spine much inclined backward; anterior edge concave, posterior convex, tip expanded. A rounded inferior median ridge and very distinct oblique posterior channels on under side of centrum.
Charleston (female, jr.).—First lumbar: Similar to that of Barnegat skeleton, but transverse process directed outward and scarcely or not at all forward; length of process equal to that of centrum; tip rounded (due to immaturity).
Tenth lumbar (last): Centrum very long. Neural arch and spine a little less in height than length of centrum. Transverse process oblong, curved forward, more than one-half as long as centrum. Metapophyses similar to those of Newport skeleton. Inferior median ridge very sharp; lateral channels rather indistinct.
CAUDAL VERTEBRÆ.
Barnegat City (female).—First caudal (vert. 28): Similar to last lumbar, but neural spine broader antero-posteriorly. Transverse process ࡪ length of centrum, inversely triangular, the tip much in advance of anterior face of centrum, free end somewhat rounded. Metapophyses similar to those of last lumbar. No median inferior ridge, but two short processes bearing facets for chevrons posteriorly and a very slight indication of similar process anteriorly, but without facets. Posterior inferior oblique channels indistinct.
Seventh caudal (vert. 34): Centrum (exclusive of chevron processes) nearly as deep as long. Neural arch and spine only a little higher than length of centrum, very much inclined backward and expanded at distal end; free border of spine straight. Metapophyses close to centrum, united nearly to tips by a horizontal plate. A ridge extends backward from their tips nearly across the arch. Another very prominent ridge traverses the centrum at the base of the arch. At the posterior end, a deep groove, convex forward, extends down the side of the centrum, making an emargination in the transverse process and proceeding thence down the lower side of centrum to its lower middle point, where it ends in a deep semicircular emargination between the anterior and posterior chevron facets. Transverse process a triangular stub, reaching nearly to the line of the anterior face of centrum. Chevron processes very large, and the median inferior surface of the centrum between them deeply grooved longitudinally.
Tenth caudal (vert. 37): Centrum as deep as long. Neural spine a low ridge, as long as the centrum, and extending beyond it posteriorly. No transverse processes. A foramen in side of centrum much above the middle and a similar one below. Close to the latter and below it another foramen pierces the ridge uniting the chevron processes, and appears below on side of longitudinal inferior median channel. Metapophyses small mammilliform processes on top of centrum.