| B | C | D | E | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mm. | mm. | mm. | mm. | |||||
| Length of centra of seven cervicals (inferior) | 254 | 375 | 310 | 250 | ||||
| Atlas: | ||||||||
| Breadth | 292 | 362 | 341 | 280 | ||||
| Height | ... | 339 | 321 | 270 | ||||
| Fourth cervical: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | a254 | a249 | a191 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | ... | b243 | b197 | b173 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 36 | 47 | 34 | 30 | ||||
| Seventh cervical: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | 310 | 270 | 198 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | 241 | 257 | 235 | 177 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 46 | 58 | 49 | 42 | ||||
| First thoracic: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | 391 | 390 | 255 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | ... | 310 | 290 | 240 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 58 | 84 | 68 | 51 | ||||
| Ninth thoracic: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | 508 | 478 | 333 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | ... | 318 | c218 | 198 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 152 | 190 | 176 | 128 | ||||
| First lumbar: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | 585 | 540 | 359 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | ... | 626 | 575 | 340 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 163 | 228 | 215 | 150 | ||||
| Sixth lumbar: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | 713 | 642 | 427 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | ... | 590 | 572 | 362 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 206 | 273 | 243 | 172 | ||||
| First caudal: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | 800 | d658 | 427 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | ... | 577 | d511 | 360 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 246 | 338 | d280 | 200 | ||||
| Ninth caudal: | ||||||||
| Greatest height | ... | 422 | 335 | 288 | ||||
| Greatest breadth | ... | 243 | 194 | 191 | ||||
| Length of centrum | 168 | 241 | 194 | 160 | ||||
| Eleventh caudal, length of centrum | 104 | 180 | 156 | 142 | ||||
| Length of scapula | 503 | 710 | 670 | 395 | ||||
| Height of scapula | 356 | 490 | 445 | 280 | ||||
| Length of humerus | 274 | ... | 340 | 248 | ||||
| Breadth of humerus at distal end | 109 | ... | 170 | 115 | ||||
| Length of radius | 295 | ... | a380 | 220 | ||||
| Breadth of radius at distal end | 84 | ... | 140 | 88 | ||||
| Length of ulna (incl. olecranon) | 323 | ... | ... | 241 | ||||
| Breadth of ulna at distal end | 79 | ... | ... | 71 | ||||
| Length of sternum | 1,143 | 1,455 | 1,530 | ... | ||||
| Breadth of first segment of sternum | 325 | 375 | 495 | ... | ||||
| Length of first rib (straight) | 457 | 543 | 505 | 323 | ||||
| Length of fifth rib (straight) | 991 | ... | ... | ... | ||||
| Length of tenth rib (straight) | 737 | ... | ... | ... | ||||
a Median. b Inferior. c Process aborted on one side. d Second.
Genus HYPEROÖDON Lacépède.
HYPEROÖDON AMPULLATUS (Forster).
Balæna ampullatus Forster, Kalm’s Linnean Travels, vol. 1, 1770, p. 18, footnote. Balæna rostrata Müller, Zool. Dan. Prodrom., 1776, p. 7. Hyperoödon butskopf Lacépède, Hist. Nat. des Cétacés, 1803-4, pp. XLIV and 319. Hyperoödon rostratum Wesmael, Nouv. Mém. Acad. Roy. Bruxelles, vol. 12, 1840, pls. 1, 2. Hyperoödon ampullatus Rhoads, Science, new ser., vol. 15, 1902, p. 756.
The National Museum has one skeleton of this well-known species, somewhat imperfect, which is labeled as having been obtained on the coast of Norway, and was received about the year 1875. Its catalogue number is 14499. This skeleton is about 19 feet long and has the following vertebral formula: C. 7; Th. 9; L. 9; Ca. 19 (+1?) = 44 (or 45). Eight chevrons are attached to the caudal vertebræ, and at least two more were present originally. The fifth thoracic vertebra has no facet on the centrum for the head of the sixth rib, but the latter articulates with a small facet on the side of the centrum of the sixth thoracic vertebra. The seventh thoracic has a well-developed transverse process on the side of the centrum. The ninth rib is shorter and more slender than the others. None of the transverse processes of the caudal vertebræ are perforated by foramina. These processes end on the eighth caudal, and the neural spines on the tenth caudal. The free ends of the neural spines of the thoracic and lumbar vertebræ are all more or less rounded. The pectoral limbs are incomplete.
So far as I am aware, only three examples of Hyperoödon have been taken on the coasts of the United States, as mentioned in the list on [page 2]. The skeleton of one of these (from North Dennis, Massachusetts) is in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the skull of the second (from Newport, Rhode Island), which was a female, is in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.[62] This skull is represented in [Pl. 32], fig. 3.
LIST OF SPECIES OF EXISTING ZIPHIOID WHALES.
Genus MESOPLODON Gervais. MESOPLODON BIDENS (Sowerby). North Atlantic Ocean; northern France to Norway and Sweden; Nantucket Island, Massachusetts. MESOPLODON EUROPÆUS (Gervais). North Atlantic Ocean; English Channel; New Jersey. MESOPLODON GRAYI Haast. New Zealand and Chatham Islands; Bahia Nueva, Patagonia (Moreno). MESOPLODON DENSIROSTRIS (Blainville). Indian Ocean and South Seas; Lord Howe Island; Seychelles Islands; South Africa; Massachusetts(?). MESOPLODON HECTORI (Gray). New Zealand. MESOPLODON BOWDOINI Andrews. New Zealand. MESOPLODON LAYARDI (Gray). South Seas; New Zealand, Chatham Islands; Australia; Cape of Good Hope. MESOPLODON STEJNEGERI True. North Pacific Ocean; Bering Island and Oregon.
Genus ZIPHIUS Cuvier. ZIPHIUS CAVIROSTRIS Cuvier. Cosmopolitan.