APPENDIX 3
Argumentative Fallacies
Deductive reasoning is stating a series of valid relationships with a reasonable conclusion.
When it rains the streets get wet.
It is raining.
Therefore the streets are wet. [1]
Several reasoning fallacies exist: (1)formal deductive fallacies, which occur because of an error in the form of the argument, and (2) informal false content fallacies.
(1) A formal deductive fallacy might switch a premise with the conclusion:
The streets are wet.
When it rains the streets get wet.
Therefore it is raining.
This conclusion is fallacious because there are other reasons that could have caused the street to be wet: snow melt, a street sweeper, etc.