[19] Cooper, I, 240.

[20] The following is the full list: United States, 44; the Constitution, 44; Constellation, 38; George Washington, 24; Portsmouth, 24; Merrimack, 24; Ganges, 24; Montezuma, 20; Baltimore, 20; Delaware, 20; Herald, 18; Norfolk, 18; Pinckney, 18; Retaliation (captured), 14; and eight revenue vessels of from 10 to 14 guns.

[21] Letter to Paine, September 6, 1807, “Writings,” IX, 136.

[22] Condensed from Cooper chiefly and from Allen.

[23] See Allen, “Barbary Corsairs,” 192.

[24] William Shaler (many years consul at Algiers), 133.

[25] E. Dupuy, “Americains et Barbaresques,” Paris, R. Roger et F Chernoviz, 99 Boulevard Raspail, 1910.

[26] Jefferson, “Works,” V, 189.

[27] Chadwick, “Relations of U. S. and Spain,” I (Diplomacy), 106.

[28] Gallatin to Jefferson, September 15, 1805, “Writings,” I, 241-254.