- The Encomiendas. The Trading-Governors. 211
- The Judge-Governors (Alcálde Máyor). The Reforms of 1886. 213
- Cost of Spanish Insular Government. The Provincial Civil Governorʼs duties. 214
- The position of Provincial Civil Governor. Local Funds. Provincial poverty. 216
- Highways and Public Works. Cause of national decay. 218
- Fortunes made easily. Peculations. Town Local Government. 220
- The Gobernadorcillo (petty-governor). The Cabeza de Barangay (Tax-collector). 222
- The Cuadrillero (guard). The Fallas (tax). The Cédula personal. 224
- The Tribunal (town hall). Reforms affecting travellers. 225
Chapter XIV
- Philippine budgets. Curious items of revenue and expenditure. 227
- Spanish-Philippine army, police, and constabulary statistics. 230
- The armed forces in the olden times. 232
- Spanish-Philippine navy and judicial statistics. 233
- Prison statistics. Brigandage. The brigandsʼ superstition. 235
- A chase for brigands. The anting-anting. Pirates. 237
- The notorious Tancad. Dilatory justice. A cause célèbre. 239
- Spanish-Philippine Criminal Law procedure. 241
Chapter XV
[Trade of the Islands from Early Times]
- Its early history. Its State galleons. 243
- The Consulado merchants. The Mexican subsidy. 244
- In the days of the Mexican galleons. The Obras Pias. 245
- Losses of the treasure-laden galleons. Trade difficulties. 246
- The period of restrictions on trade. Prohibitory decrees. 248
- The Manila merchants alarmed; appeal to the King. 249
- Penalties on free-traders. Trading friars. The budget for 1757. 250
- Decline of trade. Spanish trading-company failures. 252
- The Real Compañia de Filipinas; its privileges and failure. 253
- The dawn of free trade. Foreign traders admitted. 254
- Manila port, unrestrictedly open to foreigners (1834), becomes known to the world. 256
- Pioneers of foreign trade. Foreign and Philippine banks. 257
- The Spanish-Philippine currency. Mexican-dollar smuggling. 259
- Ports of Zamboanga, Yloilo, Cebú, and Sual opened to foreign trade. 261
- Mail service. Carrying-trade. Middlemen. Native industries. 263
- The first Philippine Railway. Telegraph service. Seclusion of the Colony. 265
Chapter XVI
- Interest on loans to farmers. Land values and tenure in Luzon Island. 269
- Sugar-cane lands and cultivation. Land-measures. 271
- Process of sugar-extraction. Labour conditions on sugar-estates. 273
- Sugar statistics. Worldʼs production of cane and beet sugar. 275
- Rice. Rice-measure. Rice machinery; husking; pearling; statistics. 276
- Macan and Paga rice. Rice planting and trading. 278