[482] The characters are taken from some Essence of Bergamot presented to one of us (15 May 1872) as a type-sample by Messrs. G. Panuccio e figli, manufacturers of essences at Reggio and also large cultivators of the bergamot orange.

[483] See however Oleum Neroli, p. 127.

[484] From the Basque “bizarra” = beard (Rice, New Remedies, 1878. 231), or from the Sanskrit Bijouri.

[485] Traité du Citrus, Paris, 1811. 222.

[486] Opera, ed. Valgrisi 1564. lib. v. sum. 1. tract. 9. p. 289.—The passage, which is the following, seems rather inconclusive:—“ ... succi acetositatis citri et succi acetositatis citranguli.”

[487] Vitriaco, Hist. orient. et occident. 1597. cap. 86.

[488] Hence the Dutch Sinaasappel or Appelsina and the German Apfelsine.

[489] Goeze, Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Orangengewächse, Hamburg, 1874. 29.

[490] Manners and Household Expenses of England in the 13th and 15th centuries, Lond. (Roxburghe Club) 1841. xlviii.

[491] Menagio, Origini della Lingua Italiana, 1685; Dict. de Trévoux, Paris, vi. (1771) 178.—The town of Nerola is about 16 miles north of Tivoli.