| Fig. 43. |
The last quarter of a measure is usually left degreewise. If approached by a skip or by a degreewise progression of at least two quarter-notes, it may be left by a skip in the opposite direction from which it was approached. A skip of a third in the same direction is also good when this skip is preceded by a skip of a third (d). [[Fig. 44.]]
| Fig. 44. |
Parts may cross occasionally.
The use of non-harmonic tones, as in [Fig. 45], is good in either part. At a the passing-tone, instead of progressing directly to the adjacent chord-tone, skips a third to the other side of it and then returns. The embellishment is treated in the same way, but is most effective when the principal tone is the leading-tone, as at b. In both cases the counterpoint should continue degreewise through the chord-tone. [[Fig. 45.]]
| Fig. 45. |
The fifth, when in the lower part, may be used on any but the first quarter, provided it is treated as a passing-tone, e.g., approached and left by stepwise progression in one direction.
| Fig. 46. |
Consecutive fifths and octaves are forbidden when appearing on the accented beats of successive measures; between prominent notes of successive measures not more than four quarters apart; and between a prominent note of one measure and the first quarter of the next. [[Fig. 47.]]
| Fig. 47. |