Year.Deaths in Hospital.Deaths in City.
1794392812
1795477911
17967611,000
17971,038900
1798549803
1799489809
18007051,100
18019291,200
18025191,006
18034041,036
18044181,087

We note the increase in the year 1796, then the decrease when the war was interrupted in the year 1798, and the renewed increase when it began again.

Likewise in southern Germany various epidemics of typhus fever broke out during the second Coalition War (1799–1802), and they too were caused by the war and the constant marching back and forth of soldiers. Many places in Bavaria and Swabia were also attacked in the year 1799.[[89]]

A very severe epidemic of typhus fever broke out in connexion with the war between France and Austria in 1805; it devastated all Moravia, Bohemia, Upper and Lower Austria, Galicia, and Hungary. After the battle of Austerlitz (December 2, 1805) hospital fever appeared among the wounded in Brünn, and carried away hundreds of French, Russian, and Austrian soldiers. The pestilence soon spread among the non-belligerent population, which in the months January-May 1806, suffered terribly. According to Hain,[[90]] the number of deaths in Austrian Silesia was:

July (1805)3,965
August3,945
September4,204
October4,735
November4,410
December4,501
January (1806)16,399
February14,588
March14,140
May9,087
June6,292

In Vienna, which on November 13, 1805, had been occupied by the French, a severe epidemic of typhus fever soon broke out in consequence of the overcrowded condition of the hospitals. The transportation of so many prisoners of war, particularly Russians, along the military roads to Strassburg, caused the germ of typhus fever to be scattered along the entire route; Landshut, Munich, and Augsburg are three Bavarian cities that are said to have been attacked.[[91]] In Augsburg the number of deaths was:

18051,189
18061,840
18071,165

Epidemics also broke out away from the military roads, as in Ingolstadt, Hof, and Nuremberg.[[92]]

In Württemberg, infected prisoners were also transported through Göppingen, Cannstatt, and Vaihingen. In the months of November and December 1806 the number of deaths in the French military hospital at Solitude was rather small, but in January 1807 serious diseases were brought there by Russian and Austrian prisoners.[[93]] Regarding Pforzheim, a town in Baden with upwards of 5,000 inhabitants, we have more detailed information;[[94]] in December and January transports of Russian prisoners arrived there, bringing with them ‘putrid fever’. ‘Curiosity, pity, a sense of duty, and the distribution of food brought many citizens and servants in contact with them, and they were almost all infected.’ Military hospitals were erected inside and outside the city; and it is stated that those who were directly infected by the Russians suffered much more severely than those who contracted the disease later on. Diarrhoea was rare, but on the skin appeared ‘red spots of varying size and shape, usually like flea-bites; they developed first on the neck and breast.’ The climax of the epidemic was in the last part of January and the first part of February; in May it disappeared. Of 183 patients treated, Roller lost 26 by death. The total number of deaths in Pforzheim due to the pestilence was 130 (civilians), 77 of them being between the ages of twenty and sixty. The total number of deaths, which in the years 1801–5 had averaged 163, in the year 1806 was 346; in the years 1807–10 the average number of deaths was 196.

Typhus fever also appeared in France in the winter of 1805–6, having been brought there by prisoners of war; Autun, Semur, and Langres were attacked.[[95]]