[174] Lex Wisigothorum, x. 3, 2.
[175] Salic law, 33; Ripuarian law, 42. Cf. the anecdote told by Gregory of Tours, Hist., x. 10, which is the opposite of what Maurer here maintains.
[176] Maurer, Einleitung, p. 164.
[177] Ibid., pp. 165-166.
[178] Ibid., p. 167.
[179] Lex Alamann., xlv. Pertz, p. 60; edit. Lehmann, pp. 104-105. It is the word pares which deceives him. He believes he sees in this word the “markgenossen”; but pares means the companions, the friends, those who have adopted the cause of one or other of the adversaries. Similarly article 93 of the same law punishes the man who, while with the army, deserts parem suum, i.e., his comrade in the battle.
[180] Maurer, p. 140.—Cf. Lex Burgund., xlix, 1: “locorum comites atque præpositi.”
[181] Maurer, p. 140. Marculf, i, 7: “Consensus civium pro episcopatu. Piissimo ac precellentissimo domno illo rege (regi) vel, (remember that vel meant and) seniori commune illo.” Commune is for communi; and the meaning of the whole is, “To our most pious and excellent king, chief of all the land.” The words which follow show clearly that the letter is addressed to the king. “Principalis vestræ clementia novit ... etc., suppliciter postulamus ut instituere dignetis inlustrem virum illum cathedræ illius successorem.”
[182] Documents of 1279 and 1290 in Wurdtwein, Novia subsidia, xii. 218 and 261: “pratum spectans ad Almeindam nostræ communitatis.” Document of 1231 in Guden, Codex dipl., iii. p. 1102: “contulerunt pascua communitatis quæ vulgariter Almeina vocantur.”
[183] Karl Lamprecht, Deutsches Wirthschaftsleben im Mittelalter, Leipzig, 1886. [Summary in Zeitsch. f.d. gesamte Staatswissenschaft, XLVI., 527 seq.]