1. A survey of Pylos and Sphakteria;
  2. An examination of the great military route from Corinth to Argos, and from Argos, by way of Hysiæ, to Tegea;
  3. An examination of the military ways from the Arcadian plain into the Eurotas valley;
  4. I also followed and examined the great route from the Arcadian plain to Megalopolis, and thence to the Messenian plain;
  5. An examination of the site of Ithome.

In the recent summer of 1899 I did further work abroad in reference to Greek as well as Roman history. The Greek portion consisted of:⁠—

  1. A visit to the site of and museums of Carthage, with a view to ascertaining the traceable effects of Greek trade and Greek influence in the Phœnician city;
  2. A detailed examination, lasting ten days, of the region and site of Syracuse;
  3. An examination of the field of Marathon, which I had previously visited, though under adverse circumstances of weather, in January, 1893;
  4. A very careful examination of Salamis strait;
  5. A voyage up the Euripus, and such examination of the strait at Artemisium as was necessary;
  6. A survey of the pass of Thermopylæ;
  7. A detailed examination of the path of the Anopæa;
  8. An examination of the Asopos ravine and the site and neighbourhood of Heraklea Trachinia;
  9. An examination of the route southward from Thermopylæ, through the Dorian plain, past Kytinion and Amphissa to Delphi;
  10. A second examination of Platæa and the passes of Kithæron.

Other parts of Greece known to me, though not visited with the intention of, or, it may be, under circumstances permitting, historical inquiry are:⁠—

  1. Thessaly, going
    1. (a) From Volo to Thaumaki, viâ Pharsalos;
    2. (b) From Volo to Kalabaka (Æginion) and the pass of Lakmon;
    3. (c) From Volo to Tempe, viâ Larissa;
  2. The great route from Delphi to Lebadeia by the Schiste;
  3. The route up the west coast of Peloponnese from Pylos, through Triphylia and Elis to Patras;
  4. The neighbourhood of Missolonghi;
  5. Corfu and Thera (Santorin).

CONTENTS.

CHAPTERPAGE
I.Greek and Persian[1]
II.Persian and Greek in Asia. The Scythian Expedition[29]
III.The Ionian Revolt[79]
IV.Persian Operations in Europe: b.c. 493–490. Marathon[145]
V.The Entr’acte: b.c. 490–480[195]
VI.The March of the Persian Army. Preparations in Greece[213]
VII.Thermopylæ[257]
VIII.Artemisium[318]
IX.Salamis[344]
X.From Salamis to Platæa[408]
XI.The Campaign of Platæa[436]
XII.Mykale and Sestos[522]
XIII.The War as a Whole[534]
XIV.Herodotus as the Historian of the Great War [556]
INDEX[581]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

TO FACE PAGE
Marathon: from the “Soros,” looking towards Little Marsh[163]
The “Soros” at Marathon[165]
Marathon from the “Soros”[187]
The Vale of Tempe[231]
The Harbour of Corcyra[241]
Mountains of Thermopylæ, from Phalara[257]
Mount Œta and Plain of Malis[259]
Asopos Ravine[261]
The Gorge of the Asopos[261]
Thermopylæ, from Bridge of Alamana[263]
View from Thermopylæ, looking towards Artemisium[264]
Channel of Artemisium, from 1600 Feet above Thermopylæ[264]
On Thermopylæ-Elatæa Road (viâ Modern Boudenitza)[265]
Thermopylæ between Middle and East Gate[290]
The East Gate of Thermopylæ[291]
Summit of Anopæa, looking East[301]
Coast at Middle Gate of Thermopylæ in 480[310]
Thermopylæ[311]
Thermopylæ: the Middle Gate[311]
First and Second Mounds, Middle Gate, Thermopylæ[312]
Plain of Eubœa[321]
The Narrows at Chalkis[323]
Salamis, looking South from Mount Ægaleos, with the Island of Psyttaleia in the Centre[392]
Plain of Thebes and Mount Kithæron[436]
Plain of Kopais, from Thebes[452]
Plain of Platæa and Kithæron[454]
The First Position at Platæa[460]
Platæa: “Island,” from Side of Kithæron[480]
Bœotian Plain, from Platæa-Megara Pass[482]
Platæa—West Side of Νῆσος[482]
Platæa: Panorama from Scene of Last Fight[502]

MAPS.