APPENDIX.
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES.
| PALESTINE. | B.C. | PERSIA. |
|---|---|---|
| Death of Nehemiah. | 413 | |
| Jaddua, high-priest. | 341 | |
| 334 | Victory of Alexander on the Granicus. | |
| 333 | Battle of Issus. | |
| Alexander visits Jerusalem. | 332 | |
| 331 | Battle of Arbela. | |
| 323 | Death of Alexander. |
| PALESTINE. | B.C. | EGYPT. | B.C. | SYRIA. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ptolemy Soter. | 323 | |||
| Ptolemy Soter captures Jerusalem, plants colonies in Alexandria & Cyrene. | 320 | |||
| 312 | Seleucus Nicator. | |||
| Simon the Just, high-priest. | 300 | |||
| Eleazar, high-priest. | 291 | |||
| P. Philadelphus. | 283 | |||
| 280 | Antiochus Soter. | |||
| 261 | Antiochus Theos. | |||
| Onias II. high-priest. | 250 | |||
| P. Euergetes I. | 247 | |||
| 246 | Seleucus Callinicus. | |||
| 226 | Seleucus Ceraunus. | |||
| 223 | Antiochus Magnus. | |||
| P. Philopator. | 222 | |||
| Ptolemy Philopator, prevented from entering the Holy of Holies, attempts to destroy the Jews in Alexandria. | 216 | |||
| P. Epiphanes. | 205 | |||
| Antiochus Magnus obtains Palestine. | 203 | |||
| Scopas recovers Judæa. | 199 | |||
| Antiochus regains Judæa. | 198 | |||
| Onias III. high-priest. | 195 | |||
| 187 | Seleucus Philopator. | |||
| P. Philometor. | 181 | |||
| 175 | Antiochus Epiphanes. | |||
| Antiochus Epiphanes takes Jerusalem. | 170 | |||
| Persecution of the Jews. | 167 | |||
| Rise of the Maccabees. | 167 | |||
| Battle of Emmaus, re-dedication of the Temple. | 165 | |||
| 164 | Antiochus Eupator. | |||
| 162 | Demetrius Soter. | |||
| Death of Judas Maccabæus. | 161 | |||
| 150 | Alexander Balas. | |||
| P. Physcon. | 146 | Demetrius Nicator (1st reign). | ||
| Jonathan Maccabæus murdered by Tryphon, and Accession of Simon. | 144 | |||
| First Year of the Freedom of Jerusalem. | 143 | |||
| Murder of Simon: John Hyrcanus succeeds him. | 137 | 137 | Antiochus Sidetes. | |
| John Hyrcanus throws off the Syrian yoke, and destroys the Temple on Gerizim. | 130 | |||
| 128 | Demetrius Nicator (2nd reign). | |||
| 125 | Antiochus Grypus. | |||
| P. Lathyrus. | 116 | |||
| 113 | Antiochus Cyzicenus. | |||
| P. Alexander and Cleopatra joint rulers. | 107 | |||
| Accession of Aristobulus. | 106 | |||
| Accession of Alexander Jannæus. | 106 | |||
| 95 | Antiochus Eusebes and Philippus. | |||
| 83 | Tigranes. | |||
| P. Auletes. | 80 | |||
| Death of Jannæus; accession of his wife Alexandra. | 79 | |||
| Death of Alexandra, accession of Hyrcanus. | 70 | |||
| 69 | Antiochus Asiaticus. | |||
| 65 | Pompeius makes Syria a Roman province. | |||
| P. Auletes driven from Egypt. | 58 | |||
| Restored by Gabinius. | 55 | |||
| Accession of P. Dionysus and Cleopatra. | 51 |
| JUDÆA. | B.C. | ROME. |
|---|---|---|
| Conflict between Hyrcanus and Aristobulus—Pompeius takes Jerusalem. | 63 | Catiline’s conspiracy. |
| 60 | First Triumvirate: Pompey, Cæsar, and Crassus. | |
| Gabinius remodels the government. | 57 | |
| Crassus plunders the Temple. | 54 | The Parthian War. |
| 53 | Death of Crassus at the battle of Carrhæ. | |
| 48 | Battle of Pharsalia; death of Pompey. | |
| Julius Cæsar appoints Antipater procurator of Judæa. | 47 | Julius Cæsar in Egypt. |
| 44 | Death of Cæsar, March 15. | |
| Death of Antipater. | 43 | Second Triumvirate—Octavius, Antonius, and Lepidus; death of Cicero. |
| Herod marries Mariamne. | 42 | Battle of Philippi. |
| The Parthians take Jerusalem: Herod flies to Rome. | 40 | |
| Herod takes Jerusalem, and becomes king of Judæa. | 37 | Antonius captivated with Cleopatra. |
| Murder of Aristobulus. | 35 | |
| Herod summoned before Antonius. | 34 | |
| 33 | War between Antonius and Octavius. | |
| 31 | Battle of Actium. | |
| His kingdom increased by Octavius | 30 | Death of Antony and Cleopatra; Egypt becomes a Roman province. |
| Murder of Mariamne. | 29 | Temple of Janus shut. |
| 27 | Octavius assumes the title of Augustus; division of the provinces (see p. [147, n.]). | |
| Plot to assassinate Herod—He rebuilds Samaria. | 25 | |
| Foundations laid of Cæsarea. | 21 | |
| Herod proposes to rebuild the Temple. | 20 | The standards taken from Crassus restored. |
| Erection begun. | 18 | |
| Herod goes to Rome to bring back Alexander and Aristobulus. | 15 | |
| Salome’s schemes against them. | 14 | |
| Completion of Cæsarea. | 10 | |
| Execution of Alexander and Aristobulus. | 6 | Tiberius retires to Rhodes. |
| PALESTINE. | B.C. | ROME. | B.C. | PREFECTS OF SYRIA. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth of John the Baptist. | 5 | |||
| The Nativity of Christ—Death of Herod. | 4 | 4 | Pub. Sulp. Quirinus 1st time (Lk. ii. 1). | |
| Reign of Archelaus, Herod Antipas, and Herod Philip (see pp. 144–146). | 4 | |||
| Disturbances at Jerusalem. | 3 | |||
| A.D. | A.D. | |||
| Tiberius adopted by Augustus as his son. | 4 | |||
| 5 | Pub. Sulp. Quirinus (2nd time). | |||
| Archelaus banished to Vienne in Gaul. Judæa becomes a Roman province and is annexed to the prefecture of Syria. Coponius the first procurator. | 6 | |||
| The Census actually carried out (see above, p. [148]). Rising of Judas the Gaulonite. Quirinus appoints Annas high-priest. | 7 | |||
| Visit of the Saviour to the Temple. | 8 | |||
| Marcus Ambivius, 2nd procurator. | 10 | |||
| Annius Rufus, 3rd procurator. | 13 | |||
| Valerius Gratus, 4th procurator. | 14 | Augustus dies at Nola. Accession of Tiberius. | 14 | |
| Joseph Caiaphas appointed high-priest (see above, p. [149]). | 17 | Death of Ovid. | 17 | M. Calpurnius Piso. |
| Jews expelled from Italy. | 19 | Cn. Sentius Saturninus. | ||
| Influence of Sejanus. | 22 | L. Pomponius Flaccus. | ||
| Pontius Pilate, 5th procurator. | 26 | Tiberius retires to Capreæ. | 26 | |
| Riots at Jerusalem (see pp. 150, 151). The Preaching of John, and Baptism of Christ. | 27 | Herod Antipas in Italy, and there becomes acquainted with Herodias (see p. [168]). | 27 | |
| Herod Antipas marries Herodias. War breaks out with Aretas. Imprisonment of John the Baptist. | 28 | |||
| Death of the Baptist. | 29 | |||
| The Crucifixion of Christ. | 30 | Era of Seneca. |
| PALESTINE. | A.D. | ROME. |
|---|---|---|
| The Pentecostal Effusion (May). | 30 | Banishment of Agrippina. |
| 31 | Death of Sejanus. | |
| Martyrdom of Stephen, Pilate deposed by Vitellius. | 36 | |
| Dispersion of the Christians. Conversion of Saul, who spends 3 years in Damascus and Arabia. | 37 | Death of Tiberius, March 16, accession of Caligula. |
| Herod Agrippa appointed king of Trachonitis. | 38 | Birth of Nero. Caligula orders his Statue to be set up at Jerusalem. |
| Great disturbances at Jerusalem owing to Caligula’s order respecting his statue (see p. [393]). | 39 | |
| Herod Antipas banished with Herodias to Lyons in Gaul. | 38 | |
| St Peter’s visitation of the Churches (see pp. [395], [396]). | 38 | |
| Conversion of Cornelius. | 41 | Death of Caligula, Jan. 24, accession of Claudius. |
| Spread of the Gospel to Antioch. | 42 | |
| Herod Agrippa I. receives Judæa and Samaria in addition to the tetrarchies of Philip and Antipas, and the title of ‘king.’ | ||
| Martyrdom of James. | 44 | Return of Claudius from Britain. |
| Death of Herod Agrippa at Cæsarea. | 44 | |
| Cuspius Fadus appointed procurator of Judæa. | 44 | |
| Saul and Barnabas sent to Jerusalem with contributions from Antioch. | 44 | |
| Return to, and sojourn at, Antioch. | 45–48 | |
| (i) First Missionary Journey of Saul and Barnabas to Cyprus, Perga, Antioch in Pisidia, Iconium, Lystra, Derbe. | 48, 49 | |
| Cumanus procurator of Judæa. | 49 | |
| The Council at Jerusalem. | 50 | Birth of Domitian. |
| (ii) St Paul’s Second Missionary Journey: he visits | ||
| Lycaonia, Galatia, Troas. | 51 | Caractacus brought before Claudius. |
| Philippi, Thessalonica, Berœa, Athens, Corinth. | 52 | |
| First Epistle to the Thessalonians. | 52 | |
| At Corinth. | 53 | |
| Second Epistle to the Thessalonians. | 53 | |
| Felix procurator of Judæa. St Paul sails from Corinth. Fourth visit to Jerusalem. | 54 | Death of Claudius, accession of Nero. |
| (iii) St Paul’s Third Missionary Journey: | ||
| Second circuit of Galatia. Reaches Ephesus. | 55 | Britannicus poisoned. |
| At Ephesus. | 56 | |
| First Epistle to the Corinthians (Spring). | 57 | |
| Leaves Ephesus for Macedonia. Second Epistle to the Corinthians (Autumn). | 57 | |
| At Corinth. Epistle to the Galatians. Epistle to the Romans. Return to Jerusalem. | 58 | |
| (iv) St Paul arrested, and sent to Cæsarea. | 59 | Nero murders Agrippina. |
| Felix succeeded by Festus. | 60 | |
| St Paul sent to Rome by Festus. Shipwrecked at Malta (Winter). | 60 | Agricola in Britain. |
| Reaches Rome. | 61 | Tacitus born. |
| Epistle to Philemon (Spring) Epistle to the Colossians. Epistle to the Ephesians. Epistle to the Philippians (Autumn). | 62 | Death of Burrhus. Nero marries Poppæa. |
| Albinus succeeds Festus. | 63 | Tigellinus, prætorian prefect. |
| Epistle to the Hebrews. (?) | ||
| (v) St Paul’s acquittal; journey to Philippi and Asia Minor. | 63 | |
| Journey to Spain (?) | 64 | Great Fire at Rome. Persecution of the Christians. |
| Returns to Asia Minor (?) | 66 | Vespasian commands in Judæa. |
| Journey to Macedonia. First Epistle to Timothy. | 67 | |
| Voyage to Crete with Titus. Epistle to Titus from Asia Minor (Autumn). | ||
| At Nicopolis (Winter). Second Imprisonment at Rome. Second Epistle to Timothy. | 68 | |
| Martyrdom (May or June). | 68 | Death of Nero, June 9 or 11. |
| married successively ten wives, of whom were | children | grand children | great grand children |
|---|---|---|---|
| Doris | Antipater | ||
| Mariamne I. | Alexander. | ||
| Aristobulus. | Herod Agrippa I. Acts xii. 1. | Herod Agrippa II. Acts xxv. 13. | |
| Bernice. Acts xxv. 13. | |||
| Drusilla. Acts xxiv. 24. | |||
| Herod, king of Chalcis. | |||
| Herodias. Mark vi. 17. | |||
| Mariamne II. | Herod Philip, disinherited by Herod; first husband of Herodias. Mark vi. 17. | ||
| Malthace. | Archelaus, Ethnarch of Judæa, Samaria, and Ituræa. Matt. ii. 22. | ||
| Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee and Peræa; second husband of Herodias. Luke iii. Mark vi. | |||
| Cleopatra. | Philip, Tetrarch of Trachonitis and Idumæa. |