Third Division: HEINTZLEMAN
| Brigade Franklin Brigade Wilcox Brigade Howard | = 7,500 |
Total 18,000, and 30 guns.
CONFEDERATE
Army of the Shenandoah [JOHNSTON]
| Brigade Jackson Brigade Bee Brigade Bartow Brigade Kirby Smith | = 8,700 |
Army of the Potomac [BEAUREGARD]
| Brigade Bonham Brigade Cocke Brigade Early 7th Louisiana Regiment 8th Louisiana Regiment Hampton’s Legion Cavalry | = 9,300 |
Total 18,000, and 21 guns.
NOTE II
THE COST OF AN INADEQUATE ARMY
Lord Wolseley has been somewhat severely criticised for asserting that in the Civil War, “from first to last, the co-operation of even one army corps (35,000 men) of regular troops would have given complete victory to whichever side it fought on.” Whatever may be argued as to the latter period of the conflict, it is impossible for anyone who understands the power of organisation, of discipline, of training, and of a proper system of command, to dispute the accuracy of this statement as regards the year 1861, that is, for the first eight months.
It is far too often assumed that the number of able-bodied men is the true criterion of national strength. In the Confederate States, for instance, there were probably 750,000 citizens who were liable for service in the militia, and yet had the United States possessed a single regular army corps, with a trained staff, an efficient commissariat, and a fully-organised system of transport, it is difficult to see how these 750,000 Southerners could have done more than wage a guerilla warfare. The army corps would have absorbed into itself the best of the Northern militia and volunteers; the staff and commissariat would have given them mobility, and 60,000 or 70,000 men, moving on Richmond directly Sumter fell, with the speed and certainty which organisation gives, would have marched from victory to victory. Their 750,000 enemies would never have had time to arm, to assemble, to organise, to create an army, to train a staff, or to arrange for their supplies. Each gathering of volunteers would have been swept away before it had attained consistency, and Virginia, at least, must have been conquered in the first few months.