Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and swine

by G. Moussu; Jno. A. W. Dollar

Once again the writer, who on this occasion chances also to be the President of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, appeals for lenient judgment on work performed under no common stress of duties, professional and political.

JNO. A. W. DOLLAR.

56, New Bond Street,

London, England,

June, 1905.

CONTENTS.

SECTION I.
DISEASES OF THE ORGANS OF LOCOMOTION.
CHAP.				PAGE
	Methods of Examination			[1]
I.	DISEASES OF BONES			[3]
		General Diseases		[4]
			Rachitis	[4]
			Osseous Cachexia	[7]
		Local Affections		[20]
			Fractures	[20]
			Fractures of the horns	[21]
			Detachment of the horns	[23]
			Fissuring of the horns	[24]
			Fractures of the horns	[25]
		Exostoses		[27]
			Spavin in the ox	[27]
			Ring-bone	[28]
			Suppurating ostitis	[29]
			Bone tumours	[30]
II.	DISEASES OF THE FOOT			[31]
			Congestion of the Claws	[31]
			Contusions of the sole	[31]
			Laminitis	[32]
			Sand crack	[34]
			Pricks and stabs in shoeing	[36]
			Picked-up nails, etc. (“Gathered nail”)	[37]
			Inflammation of the interdigital space (Condylomata)	[38]
			Canker	[40]
			Grease	[41]
			Panaritium—Felon—Whitlow	[41]
			Foot rot	[43]
III.	DISEASES OF THE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES AND OF THE ARTICULATIONS			[45]
		I. Synovial Membranes and Articulations		[45]
			Synovitis	[45]
			Inflammation of the patellar synovial capsule	[45]
			Distension of the synovial capsule of the hock joint	[46]
			Distension of tendon sheaths in the hock region	[46]
			Distension of the synovial capsule of the knee joint	[47]
			Distension of the synovial capsule of the fetlock joint	[48]
			Distension of tendon sheaths	[48]
			Distension of tendon sheaths in the region of the knee	[49]
			Distension of the bursal sheath of the flexor tendons	[49]
			Traumatic synovitis—“Open synovitis”	[49]
			Traumatic tendinous synovitis	[50]
			Traumatic articular synovitis—Traumatic arthritis—“Open arthritis”	[51]
		II. Strains of Joints		[52]
			Strain of the shoulder	[52]
			Strain of the knee	[53]
			Strain of the fetlock	[54]
			Strain of the stifle joint	[54]
			Strain of the hock joint	[55]
		III. Luxation of Joints		[56]
			Luxation of the femur	[56]
			Luxation of the patella	[58]
			Luxation of the femoro-tibial articulation	[61]
			Luxation of the scapulo-humeral joint	[63]
		IV. Hygromas		[64]
			Hygroma of the knee	[65]
			Hygroma of the haunch	[67]
			Hygroma of the trochanter of the femur	[67]
			Hygroma of the stifle	[67]
			Hygroma of the point of the hock	[68]
			Hygroma of the point of the sternum	[69]
IV.	DISEASES OF MUSCLES AND TENDONS			[70]
			Rupture of the external ischio-tibial muscle (Biceps femoris)	[70]
			Rupture of the flexor metatarsi	[72]
		Parasitic Diseases of Muscles		[73]
			Cysticercus disease of the pig	[73]
			Beef measles	[79]
			Trichiniasis—Trichinosis	[84]
V.	RHEUMATISM			[89]
		Articular rheumatism		[89]
		Muscular rheumatism		[92]
		Infectious Forms of Rheumatism or Pseudo-rheumatism		[94]
			Infectious rheumatism in young animals	[94]
			Infectious pseudo-rheumatism in adults	[99]
			Scurvy—Scorbutus	[104]
SECTION II.
DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS.
	Semiology of the Digestive Apparatus			[106]
I.	DISEASES OF THE MOUTH			[121]
		Stomatitis		[121]
			Simple stomatitis	[121]
			Catarrhal stomatitis in sheep	[122]
			Necrosing stomatitis in calves	[123]
			Mycotic stomatitis in calves	[124]
			Ulcerative stomatitis in sheep	[125]
			General catarrhal stomatitis in swine	[126]
			Ulcerative stomatitis in swine	[127]
			Mercurial stomatitis	[128]
		Glossitis		[130]
			Superficial glossitis	[130]
			Acute deep-seated glossitis	[131]
			Chronic glossitis	[132]
II.	DISEASES OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS, TONSILS AND PHARYNX			[134]
		Parotiditis (Parotitis)		[134]
			Acute parotiditis	[134]
			Chronic parotiditis—Parotid fistula	[136]
		Inflammation of the submaxillary salivary gland		[137]
		Tonsilitis in pigs		[138]
		Pharyngitis		[138]
			Pseudo-membranous pharyngitis in cattle	[141]
			Pseudo-membranous pharyngitis in sheep	[142]
		Pharyngeal polypi		[143]
III.	DISEASES OF THE ŒSOPHAGUS			[145]
		Œsophagitis		[145]
		Stricture of the œsophagus		[148]
		Dilatation of the œsophagus		[149]
		Œsophageal obstructions		[152]
		Ruptures and perforations of the œsophagus		[157]
IV.	DEPRAVED APPETITE—THE LICKING HABIT—INDIGESTION			[158]
		Depraved appetite in the ox		[158]
		Depraved appetite in calves and lambs		[160]
		Colic in the ox		[162]
			Colic due to ingestion of cold water—Congestive colic	[162]
			Colic due to invagination	[163]
			Colic as a result of strangulation	[167]
		Diseases of the stomach		[169]
		Indigestion		[170]
			Gaseous indigestion	[170]
			Impaction of the rumen—Indigestion as a result of over-eating	[175]
			Impaction of the omasum (third stomach)	[179]
			Abomasal indigestion	[182]
			Acute gastric indigestion in swine	[185]
V.	INFLAMMATION OF THE GASTRIC COMPARTMENTS			[186]
		Rumenitis—Reticulitis—Gastritis		[186]
			Acute gastritis	[188]
			Catarrhal gastritis in swine	[190]
			Ulcerative gastritis	[191]
			Chronic tympanites	[194]
			Gastric disturbance due to foreign bodies	[198]
			Tumours of the gastric compartments	[202]
VI.	ENTERITIS			[203]
		Acute enteritis		[203]
		Hæmorrhagic enteritis		[206]
		Chronic enteritis (Chronic diarrhœa)		[207]
		Dysentery in calves		[210]
		Diarrhœic enteritis in calves		[212]
VII.	POISONING			[215]
		Poisoning due to food		[215]
		Poisoning by caustic alkalies		[216]
		Poisoning by caustic acids		[217]
		Poisoning by common salt		[217]
		Poisoning by the nitrates of potash and soda		[217]
		Poisoning by tartar emetic		[218]
		Poisoning by arsenic		[218]
		Phosphorus poisoning		[219]
		Mercurial poisoning		[219]
		Lead poisoning: Saturnism		[220]
		Copper poisoning		[221]
		Carbolic acid poisoning		[221]
		Poisoning by aloes		[221]
		Iodoform poisoning		[222]
		Iodine poisoning: iodism		[222]
		Strychnine poisoning		[222]
		List of plants poisonous to stock		[223]
		Colchicum poisoning		[256]
		Poisoning by annual mercury		[256]
		Poisoning by bryony		[256]
		Poisoning by castor oil cake		[257]
		Poisoning by cotton cake		[257]
		Poisoning by molasses refuse		[258]
		Diseases produced by distillery and sugar factory pulp		[259]
VIII.	PARASITES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS			[263]
		Gastro-intestinal strongylosis in sheep		[263]
		Lumbricosis of calves		[267]
		Strongylosis of the abomasum in the ox		[268]
		Parasitic gastro-enteritis, diarrhœa, and anæmia in cattle, sheep and lambs		[268]
		Intestinal coccidiosis of calves and lambs (Psorospermosis, hæmorrhagic enteritis, bloody flux, dysentery, etc.)		[271]
		Intestinal helminthiasis in ruminants		[275]
IX.	DISEASES OF THE LIVER			[279]
		Congestion of the liver		[280]
		Nodular necrosing hepatitis		[280]
		Cancer of the liver and bile ducts		[282]
		Echinococcosis of the liver		[283]
		Suppurative echinococcosis		[288]
		Cysticercosis		[290]
		Distomatosis—Liver fluke disease—Liver rot		[293]
SECTION III.
RESPIRATORY APPARATUS.
I.	EXAMINATION OF THE RESPIRATORY APPARATUS			[311]
II.	NASAL CAVITIES			[319]
		Simple coryza		[319]
		Gangrenous coryza		[320]
		Tumours of the nasal cavities		[325]
		Purulent collections in the nasal sinuses. Nasal gleet		[326]
		Purulent collections in the frontal sinus		[327]
		Purulent collections in the maxillary sinus		[329]
		Œstrus larvæ in the facial sinuses of sheep		[330]
III.	LARYNX, TRACHEA AND BRONCHI			[333]
		Laryngitis		[333]
			Acute laryngitis	[333]
			Pseudo-membranous laryngitis	[333]
		Tumours of the larynx		[335]
		Bronchitis		[336]
			Simple acute bronchitis	[337]
			Chronic bronchitis	[337]
			Pseudo-membranous bronchitis	[339]
			Verminous bronchitis in sheep and cattle (Husk, hoose, etc.)	[340]
IV.	LUNGS AND PLEURÆ			[343]
		Pulmonary congestion		[343]
		Simple pneumonia		[343]
		Pneumonia due to foreign bodies—Mechanical pneumonia		[347]
			Pneumonia due to the migration of foreign bodies from the reticulum	[348]
		Pneumomycosis due to Aspergilli		[350]
		Gangrenous broncho-pneumonia due to foreign bodies		[351]
		Infectious broncho-pneumonia		[354]
		Broncho-pneumonia of sucking calves		[356]
		Sclero-caseous broncho-pneumonia of sheep		[358]
		Pulmonary emphysema		[359]
		Diseases of the pleura		[361]
			Acute pleurisy	[361]
			Chronic pleurisy	[362]
		Pneumo-thorax		[362]
		Hydro-pneumo-thorax and pyo-pneumo-thorax		[366]
V.	DISEASES OF STRUCTURES ENCLOSED WITHIN THE MEDIASTINUM			[368]
		Tumours of the Mediastinum		[369]
SECTION IV.
THE ORGANS OF CIRCULATION.
	Semiology of the Organs of Circulation			[370]
I.	CARDIAC ANOMALIES			[374]
		Ectopia of the heart		[374]
II.	PERICARDITIS			[375]
		Exudative pericarditis due to foreign bodies		[376]
		Chronic pericarditis		[389]
		Pseudo-pericarditis		[390]
III.	ENDOCARDITIS			[394]
IV.	DISEASES OF BLOOD-VESSELS			[396]
		Phlebitis		[396]
			Accidental phlebitis	[396]
			Internal infectious phlebitis (Utero-ovarian phlebitis)	[398]
			Umbilical phlebitis of new-born animals	[399]
			Umbilical phlebitis or omphalo-phlebitis	[402]
V.	DISEASES OF THE BLOOD			[406]
		Septicæmia of new-born animals		[406]
		Takosis: a contagious disease of goats		[412]
		Blood poisoning (Malignant œdema) in sheep and lambs in New Zealand		[415]
		Piroplasmosis		[416]
			Bovine piroplasmosis	[416]
			Bovine piroplasmosis in France	[424]
			Ovine piroplasmosis	[425]
		Diseases produced by trypanosomata		[426]
		Louping-ill		[429]
			Suggested measures for prevention	[435]
		Braxy		[435]
		Bilharziosis in cattle and sheep		[439]
		Heat stroke—Over-exertion		[442]
VI.	DISEASES OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM			[444]
		The lymphogenic diathesis		[448]
		Caseous lymphadenitis of the sheep		[453]
		Goitre in calves and lambs		[453]
SECTION V.
NERVOUS SYSTEM.
		Cerebral congestion		[456]
		Meningitis		[456]
		Encephalitis		[458]
		Cerebral Tumours		[459]
		Insolation		[460]
		Post-partum paralysis—Milk fever—Mammary toxæmia—Parturient apoplexy—Dropping after calving		[461]
		Cœnurosis (Gid, sturdy, turn-sick)		[467]
		“Trembling,” or Lumbar prurigo, in sheep		[475]
SECTION VI.
DISEASES OF THE PERITONEUM AND ABDOMINAL CAVITY.
I.	PERITONITIS			[478]
		Acute peritonitis		[478]
		Chronic peritonitis		[481]
		Ascites		[483]
		Peritoneal cysticercosis		[485]
II.	HERNIÆ			[487]
		Congenital herniæ		[487]
			Perineal hernia of young pigs	[487]
			Umbilical hernia	[488]
		Acquired herniæ		[489]
		Hernia of the rumen		[490]
		Hernia of the abomasum		[493]
		Hernia of the intestine		[494]
		Treatment of herniæ		[495]
		Diaphragmatic hernia		[496]
		Eventration		[499]
		Fistulæ of the digestive apparatus		[500]
SECTION VII.
GENITO-URINARY REGIONS.
	Diseases of the Urinary Apparatus			[502]
I.	POLYPI OF THE GLANS PENIS AND SHEATH			[506]
		Inflammation of the sheath		[506]
		Persistence of the urachus		[508]
II.	DISEASES OF THE BLADDER			[511]
		Acute cystitis		[511]
		Chronic cystitis		[513]
			Urinary lithiasis. Calculus formation	[514]
			Calculi in bovine animals	[515]
		Urinary calculi in sheep		[518]
		Paralysis of the bladder		[519]
		Eversion of the bladder		[519]
		Hæmaturia		[520]
III.	DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS			[527]
		Congestion of the kidneys		[527]
		Acute nephritis		[528]
		Chronic nephritis		[530]
		Hydro-nephrosis		[531]
		Infectious pyelo-nephritis		[533]
		Suppurative nephritis and perinephritis		[537]
		The kidney worm (Sclerostoma pinguicola) of swine		[539]
IV.	GENITAL APPARATUS			[542]
		Vaginitis		[543]
			Acute vaginitis	[544]
			Contagious vaginitis	[545]
			Croupal vaginitis	[545]
			Chronic vaginitis	[546]
		Metritis		[547]
			Septic metritis	[547]
			Acute metritis	[550]
			Chronic metritis	[552]
		Epizootic abortion in cows		[553]
		Salpingitis—Salpingo-ovaritis		[555]
		Torsion of the uterus		[556]
		Tumours of the uterus		[559]
		Tumours of the ovary		[559]
		Genital malformations		[560]
		Imperforate vagina		[560]
		Nympho-mania		[562]
V.	DISEASES OF THE MAMMARY GLANDS			[565]
		Physiological anomalies		[567]
		Wounds or traumatic lesions		[568]
			Chaps and cracks	[568]
		Milk fistulæ		[569]
		Inflammatory diseases		[570]
			Congestion of the udder	[570]
		Mammitis		[571]
			Acute mammitis	[573]
			Contagious mammitis in milch cows	[580]
			Chronic mammitis	[581]
			Gangrenous mammitis of milch ewes	[583]
			Gangrenous mammitis in goats	[584]
		Cysts of the udder		[585]
		Tumours of the udder		[585]
		Verrucous papillomata of the udder		[586]
VI.	DISTURBANCE IN THE MILK SECRETION AND CHANGES IN THE MILK			[587]
		Microbic changes in milk. Lactic ferments		[588]
VII.	MALE GENITAL ORGANS			[594]
		Tumours of the testicle		[594]
		Accessory glands of the genital apparatus		[597]
SECTION VIII.
DISEASES OF THE SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE.
I.	ECZEMA			[599]
		Acute eczema		[599]
		Chronic eczema		[600]
		Sebaceous or seborrhœic eczema		[601]
		Eczema due to feeding with potato pulp		[603]
		Impetigo in the pig		[605]
		Acne in sheep		[606]
		Fagopyrism (Buckwheat poisoning)		[606]
II.	PHTHIRIASIS			[608]
		Scabies—Scab—Mange		[611]
		Scabies in sheep		[611]
			Sarcoptic scabies	[612]
			Psoroptic mange—Sheep scab	[614]
			The tobacco-and-sulphur dip	[626]
			Lime-and-sulphur dips	[627]
			Arsenical dips	[632]
			Carbolic dips	[633]
			Chorioptic mange—Symbiotic mange—Foot scab	[636]
		Mange in the ox		[638]
			Sarcoptic mange	[638]
			Psoroptic mange	[639]
			Chorioptic mange	[640]
		Mange in the goat		[641]
			Sarcoptic mange	[641]
			Chorioptic mange	[642]
		Mange in the pig		[642]
		Demodecic mange		[643]
			Demodecic mange in the ox	[644]
			Demodecic mange in the goat	[644]
			Demodecic mange in the pig	[644]
		Non-psoroptic forms of acariasis		[645]
		Hypodermosis in the ox (warbles)		[646]
III.	RINGWORM			[649]
		Ringworm in the sheep, goat, and pig		[653]
IV.	WARTS IN OXEN			[655]
		Urticaria in the pig		[656]
		Scleroderma		[657]
V.	SUBCUTANEOUS EMPHYSEMA			[659]
SECTION IX.
DISEASES OF THE EYES.
		Foreign bodies		[661]
		Conjunctivitis and keratitis		[662]
		Verminous conjunctivitis		[662]
		Verminous ophthalmia of the ox		[663]
SECTION X.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
		Cow-pox—Vaccinia		[665]
			Cow-pox and human variola—Preparation of vaccine	[669]
			Tetanus	[670]
			Actinomycosis	[672]
			Actinomycosis of the maxilla	[673]
			Actinomycosis of the tongue	[674]
			Actinomycosis of the pharynx, parotid glands and neck	[675]
		Tuberculosis		[682]
			Tuberculosis of the respiratory apparatus	[690]
			Tuberculosis of the serous membranes	[694]
			Tuberculosis of lymphatic glands	[696]
			Tuberculosis of the digestive tract	[699]
			Tuberculosis of the genital organs	[700]
			Tuberculosis of bones and articulations	[701]
			Tuberculosis of the brain	[702]
			Tuberculosis of the skin	[703]
			Acute tuberculosis—Tuberculous septicæmia	[704]
		Swine fever—Verrucous endocarditis and pneumonia of the pig		[710]
			Swine fever	[710]
			Verrucous endocarditis of the pig	[713]
			Pneumonia of the pig	[714]
		Hæmorrhagic septicæmia in cattle		[716]
SECTION XI.
OPERATIONS.
I.	CONTROL OF ANIMALS			[720]
		Control of oxen		[720]
			Partial control	[720]
			Control of the limbs	[720]
			General control	[722]
			Control by casting	[723]
		Control of sheep and goats		[725]
		Control of pigs		[725]
		Anæsthesia		[726]
II.	CIRCULATORY APPARATUS			[727]
		Bleeding		[727]
			Bleeding in sheep	[727]
			Bleeding in the pig	[728]
		Setons, rowels, plugs, or issues		[728]
III.	APPARATUS OF LOCOMOTION			[730]
		Surgical dressing for a claw		[730]
		Amputation of the claw or of the two last phalanges		[730]
IV.	DIGESTIVE APPARATUS			[734]
		Ringing pigs		[734]
		Œsophagus		[734]
			Passing the probang	[735]
			Crushing foreign bodies in the œsophagus	[735]
			Œsophagotomy	[736]
			Sub-mucous dissection of the foreign body	[736]
		Rumen		[737]
			Puncture of the rumen	[737]
		Gastrotomy		[739]
		Laparotomy		[740]
		Herniæ		[741]
			Inguinal hernia in young pigs	[741]
			Imperforate anus	[742]
			Prolapsus and inversion of the rectum	[743]
V.	RESPIRATORY APPARATUS			[745]
		Trephining the facial sinuses		[745]
			Trephining the horn core	[745]
			Frontal sinus	[745]
			Maxillary sinus	[745]
		Tracheotomy		[746]
VI.	GENITO-URINARY ORGANS			[747]
		Urethrotomy in the ox		[747]
			Ischial urethrotomy	[747]
			Scrotal urethrotomy	[748]
		Passage of the catheter and urethrotomy in the ram		[749]
		Passage of the catheter in the cow		[750]
		Castration		[751]
			Castration of the bull and ram	[751]
			Bistournage	[751]
			Martelage	[756]
			Castration by clams	[756]
			Castration by torsion	[757]
			Castration with the actual cautery	[758]
			Castration by the elastic ligature	[758]
			Castration of the ram	[759]
			Castration of boars and young pigs	[759]
			Castration of cryptorchids	[760]
			Female genital organs	[760]
			Castration of the cow	[761]
			Castration of the sow	[765]
		Suture of the vulva		[768]
		Trusses		[769]
		Section of the sphincter of the teat		[770]
		Dilatation of the orifice of the teat		[770]
		Ablation of the mammæ		[771]

DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS AND SWINE.

SECTION I.
DISEASES OF THE ORGANS OF LOCOMOTION.

METHODS OF EXAMINATION.